This book provides an attempt to convey the colorful facets of condensed matter systems with reduced dimensionality. Some of the specific features predicted for interacting one-dimensional electron systems, such as charge- and spin-density waves, have been observed in many quasi-one-dimensional materials. The two-dimensional world is even richer: besides d-wave superconductivity and the Quantum Hall Effect - perhaps the most spectacular phases explored during the last two decades - many collective charge and spin states have captured the interest of researchers, such as charge stripes or spontaneously generated circulating currents.

Recent years have witnessed important progress in material preparation, measurement techniques and theoretical methods. Today larger and better samples, higher flux for neutron beams, advanced light sources, better resolution in electron spectroscopy, new computational algorithms, and the development of field-theoretical approaches allow an in-depth analysis of the complex many-body behaviour of low-dimensional materials. The epoch when simple mean-field arguments were sufficient for describing the gross features observed experimentally is definitely over.

The Editors' aim is to thoroughly explain a number of selected topics: the application of dynamical probes, such as neutron scattering, optical absorption and photoemission, as well as transport studies, both electrical and thermal. Some of the more theoretical chapters are directly relevant for experiments, such as optical spectroscopy, transport in one-dimensional models, and the phenomenology of charge inhomogeneities in layered materials, while others discuss more general topics and methods, for example the concept of a Luttinger liquid and bosonization, or duality transformations, both promising tools for treating strongly interacting many-body systems.

Presents studies on low-dimensional effects in real systems, conveying the colorful facets of condensed matter systems with reduced dimensionality The high standard of the contributors guarantees an authoritative treatment of the fundamental concepts, established results and open issues

Inhalt
Strong interactions in low dimensions: introductory remarks.- Dynamic correlations in quantum magnets.- Angle resolved photoemission in the high temperature superconductors.- Luttinger liquids: the basic concepts.- Photoemission in quasi-one-dimensional materials.- Electrodynamic response in one-dimensional chains.- Optical conductivity and correlated electron physics.- Optical signatures of electron correlations in the cuprates.- Charge inhomogeneities in strongly correlated systems.- Transport in quantum wires.- Transport in one dimensional quantum systems.- Energy transport in one-dimensional spin systems.- Duality in low dimensional quantum field theories.