Aircraft Propulsion

Explore the latest edition of a leading resource on sustainable aviation, alternative jet fuels, and new propulsion systemsThe newly revised Third Edition of Aircraft Propulsion delivers a comprehensive update to the successful Second Edition with a renewed focus on the integration of sustainable aviation concepts. The book tackles the impact of aviation on the environment at the engine component level, as well as the role of propulsion system integration on fuel burn. It also discusses combustion emissions, including greenhouse gases, carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons (UHC), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx).Alternative jet fuels, like second generation biofuels and hydrogen, are presented. The distinguished author covers aviation noise from airframe to engine and its impact on community noise in landing and takeoff cycles. The book includes promising new technologies for propulsion and power, like the ultra-high bypass (UHB) turbofan and hybrid-electric and electric propulsion systems.Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of discussions of unsteady propulsion systems in wave-rotor combustion and pulse-detonation engines, as well as: A thorough introduction to the history of the airbreathing jet engine, including innovations in aircraft gas turbine engines, new engine concepts, and new vehicles An exploration of compressible flow with friction and heat, including a brief review of thermodynamics, isentropic process and flow, conservation principles, and Mach numbers A review of engine thrust and performance parameters, including installed thrust, rocket thrust, and modern engine architecture A discussion of gas turbine engine cycle analysis Perfect for aerospace and mechanical engineering students in the United States and overseas, Aircraft Propulsion will also earn a place in the libraries of practicing engineers in the aerospace and green engineering sectors seeking the latest up to date resource on sustainable aviation technologies.

Autorentext

Saeed Farokhi, PhD, is Professor Emeritus of Aerospace Engineering at the University of Kansas, USA. His main areas of research focus are propulsion systems, flow control, renewable energy, and computational fluid dynamics. He is Fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. He is Associate Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

Klappentext

AIRCRAFT PROPULSION

Zusammenfassung
AIRCRAFT PROPULSION

Inhalt

Preface to the Third Edition Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the First Edition 1. Introduction 1.1 History of the Airbreathing Jet Engine, a Twentieth-Century Invention--The Beginning 1.2 Innovations in Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines 1.2.1 Multispool Configuration 1.2.2 Variable Stator 1.2.3 Transonic Compressor 1.2.4 Low-Emission Combustor 1.2.5 Turbine Cooling 1.2.6 Exhaust Nozzles 1.2.7 Modern Materials and Manufacturing Techniques 1.3 Twenty-first Century Aviation Goal: Sustainability 1.3.1 Combustion Emissions 1.3.2 Greenhouse Gases 1.3.3 Fuels for Sustainable Aviation 1.4 New Engine Concepts in Sustainable Aviation 1.4.1 Advanced GT Concepts: ATP/CROR and GTF 1.4.2 Adaptive Cycle Engine 1.4.3 Advanced Airbreathing Rocket Technology 1.4.4 Wave Rotor Topping Cycle 1.4.5 Pulse Detonation Engine (PDE) 1.4.6 Millimeter-Scale Gas Turbine Engines: Triumph of MEMS and Digital Fabrication 1.4.7 Combined Cycle Propulsion: Engines from Takeoff to Space 1.4.8 Hybrid-Electric and Distributed Electric Propulsion 1.5 New Vehicle Technologies 1.6 Summary 1.7 Roadmap for the Third Edition References Problems 2. Compressible Flow with Heat and Friction: A Review 2.1 Introduction 2.2 A Brief Review of Thermodynamics 2.3 Isentropic Process and Isentropic Flow 2.4 Conservation Principles for Systems and Control Volumes 2.5 Speed of Sound & Mach Number 2.6 Stagnation State 2.7 Quasi-One-Dimensional Flow 2.8 Area-Mach Number Relationship 2.9 Sonic Throat 2.10 Waves in Supersonic Flow 2.11 Normal Shocks 2.12 Oblique Shocks 2.13 Conical Shocks 2.14 Expansion Waves 2.15 Frictionless, Constant-Area Duct Flow with Heat Transfer: Rayleigh Flow 2.16 Adiabatic Flow of a Calorically Perfect Gas in a Constant-Area Duct with Friction: Fanno Flow 2.17 Friction (Drag) Coefficient Cf and D'Arcy Friction Factor fD 2.18 Dimensionless Parameters 2.19 Fluid Impulse 2.20 Summary of Fluid Impulse References Problems 3. Engine Thrust and Performance Parameters 3.1 Introduction 3.1.1 Takeoff Thrust 3.2 Installed Thrust--Some Bookkeeping Issues on Thrust and Drag 3.3 Engine Thrust Based on the Sum of Component Impulse 3.4 Rocket Thrust 3.5 Airbreathing Engine Performance Parameters 3.5.1 Specific Thrust 3.5.2 Specific Fuel Consumption and Specific Impulse 3.5.3 Thermal Efficiency 3.5.4 Propulsive Efficiency 3.5.5 Engine Overall Efficiency and Its Impact on Aircraft Range and Endurance 3.6 Modern Engines, Their Architecture, and Some Performance Characteristics 3.7 Summary References Problems 4. Gas Turbine Engine Cycle Analysis 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The Gas Generator 4.3 Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines 4.3.1 The Turbojet Engine 4.3.1.1 The Inlet 4.3.1.2 The Compressor 4.3.1.3 The Burner 4.3.1.4 The Turbine 4.3.1.5 The Nozzle 4.3.1.6 Thermal Efficiency of a Turbojet Engine 4.3.1.7 Propulsive Efficiency of a Turbojet Engine 4.3.1.8 The Overall Efficiency of a Turbojet Engine 4.3.1.9 Performance Evaluation of a Turbojet Engine 4.3.2 The Turbojet Engine with an Afterburner 4.3.2.1 Introduction 4.3.2.2 Analysis 4.3.2.3 Optimum Compressor Pressure Ratio for Maximum (Ideal) Thrust Turbojet Engine with Afterburner 4.3.3 The Turbofan Engine 4.3.3.1 Introduction 4.3.3.2 Analysis of a Separate-Exhaust Turbofan Engine 4.3.3.3 Thermal Efficiency of a Turbofan Engine 4.3.3.4 Propulsive Efficiency of a Turbofan Engine 4.3.4 Ultra-High Bypass (UHB) Turbofan Engines 4.4 Analysis of a Mixed-Exhaust Turbofan Engine with an Afterburner 4.4.1 Mixer 4.4.2 Cycle Analysis 4.4.2.1 Solution Procedure 4.5 The Turboprop Engine 4.5.1 Introduction 4.5.2 Propeller Theory 4.5.2.1 Momentum Theory 4.5.2.2 Blade Element Theory 4.5.3 Turboprop Cycle Analysis 4.5.3.1 The New Parameters 4.5.3.2 Design Point Analysis 4.5.3.3 Optimum Power Split Between the Propeller and the Jet 4.6 Promising Propulsion and Power Technologies in Sustainable Aviation 4.6.1 Distributed Combustion Concepts in Advanced Gas Turbine Engine Core 4.6.2 Multi-Fuel (Cryogenic-Kerosene) Hybrid Propulsion Concept 4.6.3 Intercooled and Recuperated Turbofan Engines 4.6.4 Active Core Concepts 4.6.5 Wave Rotor Combustion 4.6.6 Pulse Detonation Engine (PDE) 4.6.6.1 Idealized Laboratory PDE: Thrust Tube 4.6.6.2 Pulse Detonation Ramjet 4.6.6.3 Turbofan Engine with PDE 4.6.6.4 Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine (PDRE) 4.6.6.5 Vehicle-Level Performance Evaluation of PDE 4.6.7 Adaptive Cycle Engines (ACE) 4.7 Summary References Problems 5. General Aviation and Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Propulsion System 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Cycle Analysis 5.2.1 Otto Cycle 5.2.2 Real Engine Cycles 5.2.2.1 Four-Stroke Cycle Engines 5.2.2.2 Diesel Engines 5.2.2.3 Two-Stroke Cycle Engines 5.2.2.4 Rotary (Wankel) Engines 5.3 Power and Efficiency 5.4 Engine Components and Classifications 5.4.1 Engine Components 5.4.2 Reciprocating Engine Classifications 5.4.2.1 Classification by Cylinder Arrangement 5.4.2.2 Classification by Cooling Arrangement 5.4.2.3 Classification by Operating Cycle 5.4.2.4 Classification by Ignition Type 5.5 Scaling of Aircraft Reciprocating Engines 5.5.1 Scaling of Aircraft Diesel Engines 5.6 Aircraft Engine Systems 5.6.1 Aviation Fuels and Engine Knock 5.6.2 Carburetion and Fuel Injection Systems 5.6.2.1 Float-Type Carburetors 5.6.2.2 Pressure Injection Carburetors 5.6.2.3 Fuel Injection Systems 5.6.2.4 Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) 5.6.3 Ignition Systems 5.6.3.1 Battery Ignition Systems 5.6.3.2 High Tension Ignition System 5.6.3.3 Low Tension Ignition System 5.6.3.4 F…