Seismogenic and Tsunamigenic Processes in Shallow Subduction Zones

Earthquakes in shallow subduction zones account for the greatest part of seismic energy release in the Earth and often cause significant damage; in some cases they are accompanied by devastating tsunamis. Understanding the physics of seismogenic and tsunamigenic processes in such zones continues to be a challenging focus of ongoing research. The seismologic and geodetic work reported in this volume highlights the recent advances made toward quantifying and understandig the role of shallow plate coupling in the earthquake generation process. The relation between regional seismotectonics, features in the downgoing plate, and the slip distribution in earthquakes are examined for recent and great historical events. In addition to papers reporting new results, review articles on tsunami and tsunamigenic earthquakes and depth dependent plate interface properties are presented. These observational results, along with complementary laboratory and theoretical studies, can assist in assessing the seismic potential of a given region.

Inhalt
Introduction: Seismogenic and Tsunamigenic Processes in Shallow Subduction Zones.- Dynamic Stress Drop of Recent Earthquakes: Variations within Subduction Zones.- Comparison of Depth Dependent Fault Zone Properties in the Japan Trench and Middle America Trench.- Changes in Earthquake Source Properties across a Shallow Subduction Zone: Kamchatka Peninsula.- Sources of Tsunami and Tsunamigenic Earthquakes in Subduction Zones.- Local Tsunamis and Distributed Slip at the Source.- Geologic Setting, Field Survey and Modeling of the Chimbote, Northern Peru, Tsunami of 21 February 1996.- Asperity Distribution of the 1952 Great Kamchatka Earthquake and its Relation to Future Earthquake Potential in Kamchatka.- The October 4, 1994 Shikotan (Kuril Islands) Tsunamigenic Earthquake: An Open Problem on the Source Mechanism.- Relation between the Subducting Plate and Seismicity Associated with the Great 1964 Alaska Earthquake.- Seismicity of the Prince William Sound Region for over Thirty Years Following the 1964 Great Alaskan Earthquake.- Historical Seismicity and Seismotectonic Context of the Great 1979 Yapen and 1996 Biak, Irian Jaya Earthquakes.- Rupture Process of the 1995 Antofagasta Subduction Earthquake (MW = 8.1).- GPS-derived Deformation of the Central Andes Including the 1995 Antofagasta Mw = 8.0 Earthquake.- Source Characteristics of the 12 November 1996 Mw 7.7 Peru Subduction Zone Earthquake.- Seismic Subduction of the Nazca Ridge as Shown by the 199697 Peru Earthquakes.