This volume like the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on which it is based addresses the fundamental science that contributes to our understanding of the potential risks from ecological terrorism, i.e. dirty bombs, atomic explosions, intentional release of radionuclides into water or air. Both effects on human health (DNA and systemic effects) and on ecosystems are detailed, with particular focus on environmentally relevant low-dose ranges. The state-of-the-art contributions to the book are authored by leading experts; they tackle the relevant questions from the perspectives of radiation genetics, radiobiology, radioecology, radiation epidemiology and risk assessment.

This volume concerns a topic of great current interest not yet covered in a textbook The contributors are all leaders in radiobiology, radiation genetics and radioecology The paradigm shifters in low-dose radiation effects are authors Important insights from East and West are included

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Hypermutability Associated With Double-Strand Break Repair; D.A. Gordenin.- A Test Of Kimura's Mutation-Rate Conjecture; J.W. Drake.- Micro-Algae As A Model System For Studying Of Genotype Resistance To Oxidative Stress And Adaptive Response; S.G. Chankova, N. Yurina.- Flavonoid Biosynthesis Genes In Wheat And Wheat-Alien Hybrids: Studies Into Gene Regulation In Plants With Complex; E.K. Khlestkina et al.- Implication for Human and Environmental Health of Low Doses of Radiation; C. Mothersill, C. Seymour.- Role of Epigenetic Changes In Radiation-Induced Genome Instability; O. Kovalchuk et al.- *Radiation and Terror; C. Seymour, C. Mothersill.- Bystander Effects And Adaptive Responses Modulate In Vitro And In Vivo Biological Responses To Low Dose Ionizing Radiation; E.I. Azzam et al.- Inter-Plant Communication Of Genome Instability In Radiation Exposed Arabidopsis; I. Kovalchuk, F. Zemp.- Direct And Reverse Bystander Effect Between Irradiated And Unirradiated Organisms: The Modulating Role of Chemosignalling In Ecology; B.P. Surinov et al.- Molecular- Genetic Analysis of Genetic Predisposition To Myocardial Infarction And Comparison of Risk Factor Population Rates In Different Countries; I.B. Mosse et al.- Genomic Instability In The Offspring of Irradiated Parents; Y.E. Dubrova.- Low Dose Responses of Bone Marrow to X-Rays in Vivo; N. A. Zyuzikov et al.- Pheromones And Adaptive Bystander-Mutagenesis In Mice; E.V. Daev et al.- Statistical Model Of Adaptation Risk Assessment of Chromosomal Instability; V.L. Korogodina.- Effects Of Bystander Factors Induced In Vivo In Blood Of People Affected By Chernobyl Accident; P.M. Marozik et al.- Association Study Of The Frequencies Of Spontaneous And Induced Chromosome Aberrations In Human Lymphocytes; A.V. Rubanovich et al.- Radioecology Of The Future: The Problem Of Final Geological Disposal Of Radioactive Wastes; A.A. Cigna.- Reproductive Effects From Chronic, Multigenerational, Low Dose RateExposures To Radiation; T.G. Hinton et al.- Aquatic Biota Within The Chernobyl Accident Exclusion Zone: Consequences of The Long-Term Radiation Exposure; D.I. Gudkov et al.- Endless Pursuit Of DNA Double-Strand Break Ends; M.A. Resnick.- Facultativeness Principle And Generalized Approach To The Genome And Hereditary Variability; M. Golubovsky.- Recent Inserts Of Transposable Elements Affect Structure And Functions Of Human Genome; A. Buzdin et al.- Ecological Risk Assessment to Benthic Biocenoses; V.G. Tsytsugina.- Molecular Changes In Radiation Induced Thyroid Carcinomas In Mice; O. Klymenko et al.- Study Of Arabidopsis Thaliana* Patterns Of Experimental Mutational Variability; O. Usmanova, T. Usmanov. Methods for Predicting 137CS Contamination Levels of Soil Suitable to Obtain in Plant and Fodder Products in Compliance with the Adopted Standards; A.V.Panov et al.- Effects of Chronic Irradiation in Plant Populations; S. Gerras'kin et al.- Reduced RB1 Expression causes Impaired Genome Stability in Bone-Cells and Predispose for Radiation-Included Osteosarcoma; M. Rosemann et al.- Effects of Chronic Gamma Irradiation on Reproduction in the Earthworm Eisenia Fetida; D.H. Oughton et al.- Biophysics of Heavy Ions; M. Durante.- De Novo Mutations in Y-Chromosome STR Loci Revealed in Paternal Lineages of Siberian Tundra Nentsi Population; L. Osipova et al.-