The gut environment is fundamental to the modulation of innate and adaptive immunity, not only in the intestinal mucosa, but systemically. Immune cells constantly circulate through the intestinal tissue and gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), where their phenotype and function are regulated by several factors, including but not limited to the commensal gut microbiota. The host-microbiome interaction, and the role of the gut microbiota in modulating innate and adaptive immunity in the intestinal mucosa and systemically, has been amply described in recent literature and reviews. This contributed volume instead explores the cutting-edge concept that gut microbiota composition is only one of the actors in intestinal immune regulation, and that several other factors -- both genetic and environmental -- modulate innate and adaptive immunity within the intestine. Each chapter in this volume addresses the various intestinal factors modulating immunity, including food components, endogenous metabolites, biological gut barrier components, and enteric neuroimmune circuits, individually and within the context of their integration with systemic components affecting immune cell phenotypes and function. In addition, it will more broadly address the role of the physical and biological barriers as key players in the interaction between immune cells and the intestinal environment, including coverage of cutting-edge in vivo technologies that have allowed the characterization of these interactions. The final chapters are dedicated to understanding how gut environment modifications are involved, and can be therapeutically manipulated in different diseases settings, including targeting the gut environment to regular response in anti-tumor immunity, fighting infections, and controlling autoimmune diseases.

Discusses that the microbiota is only one of many players in the gut's immune regulation Explores the broader role of physical and biological gut barriers in innate and adaptive immunity Examines how changes in the intestinal environment fit into various clinical pictures and can be used therapeutically

Autorentext

Marika Falcone, MD, PhD, is Group Leader in the Department of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, at the San Raffaele Scientific Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan. Her research focuses on the interface of the gut microbiome and immune system. 

Inhalt

1. Intestinal Hub for development and regulation of innate and adaptive immunity.- 2. Gut microbiota and immune homeostasis at the intestinal and systemic level.- 3. The Intestinal epithelial barrier.- 4. The gut vascular barrier.- 5. Anti-microbial peptides.- 6. The mucus layer.- 7. Intestinal mucosal immunity and biological gut barriers shaping microbiota composition.- 8. Food for the immune system: dietary components for modulating systemic immunity.- 9. Microbial metabolites from commensal microbiota and immune homeostasis.- 10. Endogenous bile acid metabolites with immune regulatory functions.- 11. Neuroimmune interaction at the intestinal barrier surface.- 12. The interplay between commensal microbiota, gut barrier integrity, and mucosal immunity regulates extra-intestinal autoimmune diseases.- 13. Gut regulators of cancer.- 14. Strengthening innate and adaptive immunity against viral infections in the gut.- 15. Changing the gut environment to modulate immune response in extra-intestinal pathologies.