Scholarly studies of mathematics and the sciences, carried out by philos ophers and historians in Taiwan in recent years, have two main goals: first, positive and critical participation in the logical analysis of scientific theories and scientific explanation; and second, conceptual clarification joined with faithful historical investigation of the sciences of traditional and modem China. In this book, Professors Cheng-hung Lin and Daiwie Fu have gathered fine representative essays from both endeavors. Their two introductory discussions guide the reader in three ways. First, we have insightful remarks concerning the development of science studies in Taiwan during the past three decades. Then we see the place of such studies, particularly those in the logic and methodology of science, in the philosophy of science as that discipline has evolved in the West in recent years. Finally we have an account of the changes that have occurred among philosophers and historians of Chinese science as they have turned away from an assump tion of Western definitions of scientific achievement, a tum that is common to Taiwanese, Chinese, Japanese and Western scholars.

Klappentext

This is a collection of papers on philosophy of science, conceptual history of science, and sociology of science written by Taiwanese scholars. It is perhaps one of the best, written by Taiwanese, in all Chinese-speaking societies. Some works in it show Orientals study topics that are typically Western philosophy of science. Others show how traditional topics in the history of Chinese science (mathematics, optics, and geology) could be studied with high sensitivity to the philosophy and sociology of science. It also touches upon issues of the `autonomous' development of social sciences in Taiwan, a society whose academic researches are greatly influenced by the West. This collection will prove stimulating and valuable to general and scholarly readers alike who are interested in philosophy and history of science, especially as related to East Asia and the West. The book will interest scholars in philosophy of science, philosophy of language and psychology, studies of philosophy of science in the third world, history of Chinese science, history of science in East Asia, and history of mathematics.

Inhalt
I/Philosophy of Science.- On the Analytic and the Synthetic.- Solutions to the Paradoxes of Confirmation, Goodman's Paradox, and Two New Theories of Confirmation.- Hempel on Inductive Shortcomings in Craigian Method.- Confirmation Logic and Its Applications.- Popper's Logical Analysis of Basic Statements.- The Evolution of Science: Theoretic Recombination as a Selection Process.- Eliminative Materialism and Connectionism.- II/Conceptual History of Science.- Problem Domain, Taxonomy, and Comparativity in Histories of Science With a Case Study in the Comparative History of 'Optics'.- From One Gnomon to Two Gnomons: A Methodological Study of the Method of Double Differences.- Chinese Mathematics at the Turn of the 19th Century: Jiao Xun, Wang Lai and Li Rui.- Bao Qi-Shou (???) and His Polyhedral Hun Yuan Tu (???).- The Development of Geology in Republican China, 19121937.- Local Contexts, Strategies and Sinicization: A Case Study of the Sinicization Formulation in the Social Sciences of Taiwan (1970s1980s).- Notes on Contributors.