Phenology refers to recurring plant and animal life cycle stages, such as leafing and flowering, maturation of agricultural plants, emergence of insects, and migration of birds. It is also the study of these recurring events, especially their timing and relationships with weather and climate. Phenological phenomena all give a ready measure of the environment as viewed by the associated organism and are thus ideal indicators of the impact of local and global changes in weather and climate on the earth's biosphere.

Assessing our changing world is a complex task that requires close cooperation from experts in biology, climatology, ecology, geography, oceanography, remote sensing, and other areas. Like its two predecessors, this third edition of Phenology is a synthesis of current phenological knowledge, designed as a primer on the field for global change and general scientists, students, and interested members of the public. With updated and new contributions from over sixty phenological experts, covering data collection, current research, methods, and applications, it demonstrates the accomplishments, progress over the last decade, and future potential of phenology as an integrative environmental science.

Designed to nurture and serve the dynamic international and interdisciplinary phenological research community Includes chapters that outline the history of data collection and network development in each region The editor is the co-founder of the USA National Phenology Network (USA-NPN)

Autorentext

**Mark D. Schwartz **is a synoptic climatologist and phenoclimatologist who received his Ph.D. from the University of Kansas and is a distinguished professor of Geography at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. His main research interests include plant phenology-lower atmosphere interactions during the onsets of spring and autumn in mid latitudes, detecting climatic change, and assessing vegetation condition with remote sensing imagery. Prof. Schwartz has received eight USA National Science Foundation grants, authored over one hundred peer-reviewed publications, mostly in journals such as Nature, Global Change Biology, Journal of Climate, International Journal of Climatology, Remote Sensing of Environment, and International Journal of Biometeorology, as well as edited the first and second editions of this book. Prof. Schwartz is also the co-founder of the USA National Phenology Network (USA-NPN).

Inhalt

Chapter 1. Introduction.- Part I. Phenological Data, Networks, and Research.- Chapter 2. East Asia.- Chapter 3. Australia and New Zealand.- Chapter 4. Europe.- Chapter 5. North America.- Chapter 6. A Review of Reproductive Plant Phenology in South and Central America: New PerspectivesA Review of Reproductive Plant Phenology in South and Central America: New Perspectives.- Chapter 7. Africa.- Part II. Phenologies of Selected Bioclimatic Zones.- Chapter 8. Tropical Dry Climates.- Chapter 9. Mediterranean Phenology.- Chapter 10. Phenologies of North American Grasslands and Grasses.- Chapter 11. Mesic Temperate Deciduous Forest Phenology.- Chapter 12. Phenology at High Latitudes.- Chapter 13. Phenology at High Altitudes.- Part III. Phenological Models and Techniques.- Chapter 14. Plant Phenology Models.- Chapter 15. Animal Life Cycle Models (Poikilotherms).- Chapter 16. A Low Temperature and Photoperiod Multiplicative Model for Predicting Autumn Plant Phenology.- Chapter 17. Weather Station Siting: Effects on Phenological Models.- Chapter 18. Herbarium Specimens as Sources of Phenological Data.- Part IV. Sensor-Derived Phenology.- Chapter 19. Remote Sensing of Land Surface Phenology: Progress, Challenges, Prospects.- Chapter 20. Near-Surface Sensor-Derived Phenology.- Part V. Phenologies of Selected Lifeforms.- Chapter 21. Birds.- Part VI. Applications Of Phenology.- **** Chapter 22. Land Surface Phenology in Global Change Studies.- Chapter 23. Cumulative and Legacy Effects of Droughts on Global Photosynthetic Phenology.- Chapter 24. Phenology and Evapotranspiration.- Chapter 25. Phenology and Terroir Heard Through the Grapevine.- Chapter 26. Phenology and Aerobiology.- Chapter 27. Phenology in Higher Education.