COMPREHENSIVE REFERENCE PRESENTING ALL ASPECTS OF QUANTUM DOT-BASED DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES IN FOUR PARTS, SUPPORTED WITH PEDAGOGICAL FEATURESQuantum Dot Display Science and Technology presents all aspects of quantum dot (QD) based display technologies, divided into four general topic areas: the basic science of quantum dots, QD photoluminescent technologies, QD electroluminescent technologies, and other display related QD technologies. Composed of 14 chapters, this book includes a list of pedagogical features such as tables, illustrations, process flow charts, and more to provide active learning for the reader. This book also includes information on future quantum dot displays and the major milestones in the field.Quantum Dot Display Science and Technology discusses topics including: The basic physics and photophysics of QD, explaining why QD can offer better color and higher brightness QD material systems and compositional families as well as principles and practices of QD synthesis Quantum dot enhancement film and quantum dot color conversion for LCDs, OLEDs, and ?LEDs Quantum dot electroluminescent displays and QD-LED panel processes based on ink-jet printing and lithography QD for lighting and photodetector applications Future outlook for QD displays Published in partnership with the Society for Information Display (SID), Quantum Dot Display Science and Technology is the perfect resource for updated information on quantum dots and their applications for professionals working in displays, consumer electronics, and product design and development.

Autorentext

PAUL ALIVISATOS is the 14th President of the University of Chicago, USA, where he also holds a faculty appointment as the John D. MacArthur Distinguished Service Professor in the Department of Chemistry, the Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, and the College. EUNJOO JANG is a Professor of Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea. She received her Ph.D. in 1998 from the Chemical Engineering Department at Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH). She joined Samsung in 2000 and has been developing various QD materials and optoelectronic devices since 2023. RUIQING MA is a Fellow of Society for Information Display (SID). He received his Ph.D. in Chemical Physics in 2000 from the Liquid Crystal Institute at Kent State University, USA. Before joining Meta in 2022, he was the Senior Director of R&D at Nanosys.

Inhalt

Series Editor's Foreword xv

About the Editors xvii

Preface xix

Acknowledgments xxi

1 Physics and Photophysics of Quantum Dots for Display Applications 1
*Einav Scharf, Uri Banin*

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Quantum Confinement and Band Structure 1

1.3 Absorption Spectrum 4

1.4 Charge Carrier Dynamics 6

1.5 Surface Passivation and Heterostructure Band Alignment 8

1.6 Emission Intermittency (Blinking) and Stability 9

1.7 Emission Linewidth 12

1.8 Dimensionality Effects 15

1.9 Collective Emission 16

1.10 Summary and Outlook 18

References 18

2 Quantum Dot Material Systems, Compositional Families 23
*Sudarsan Tamang, Karl David Wegner, Peter Reiss*

2.1 Introduction 23

2.2 II-VI Semiconductor QDs 25

2.2.1 Cadmium Chalcogenide QDs 25

2.2.2 Zn Chalcogenide QDs 27

2.3 III-V Semiconductor QDs: Overview and Properties 35

2.3.1 Introduction 35

2.3.2 Indium Phosphide Quantum Dots 37

2.3.3 Indium Arsenide Quantum Dots 47

2.4 More Recent Families of QDs 50

2.4.1 I-III-VI Chalcopyrite-type QDs 50

2.4.2 Metal Halide Perovskite NCs 54

2.5 Summary and Outlook 60

References 62

3 Principles and Practices for Quantum Dots Synthesis 81
*Derrick Allan Taylor, Justice Agbeshie Teku, Jong-Soo Lee*

3.1 Introduction 81

3.2 Principles of Colloidal Quantum Dot Synthesis 84

3.2.1 Basic Chemistry of Quantum Dot Synthesis 84

3.2.2 Innovatory Experimental Techniques for Monitoring Evolving Nanocrystals 93

3.2.3 Colloidal Quantum Dots (II-VI and III-V) 94

3.3 Practices of Colloidal Quantum Dot Synthesis 95

3.3.1 Practices 98

3.3.2 Post-synthetic Methods 104

3.4 Summary and Outlook 112

References 114

4 Quantum Dot Enhancement Film 131
*Zhong Sheng Luo, Jeff Yurek*

4.1 Introduction 131

4.2 Understanding Color for Displays 132

4.2.1 Measuring Display Color Performance: Chromaticity Gamut 134

4.2.2 NTSC 1953 in Practice 135

4.2.3 LCDs and Display Color in the 1990s and 2000s 136

4.3 Color in the Modern Era - Defining the Ultimate Visual Experience 138

4.3.1 Color Volume 139

4.3.2 High Dynamic Range 141

4.3.3 Clarity 142

4.4 Quantum Dots for QDEF Applications 143

4.4.1 Quantum Dot Wavelength Tunability 144

4.4.2 Narrower Spectrum for Better Color 145

4.5 Quantum Dot Enhancement Film 146

4.5.1 Origins of the QDEF Concept 146

4.5.2 Design Requirements 149

4.5.3 Resin System 150

4.5.4 Barrier Film 150

4.5.5 QD Coating 152

4.5.6 QDEF Fabrication Process 152

4.5.7 QDEF in a Display 154

4.5.8 Heavy Metals and Environmental Regulation 155

4.6 Barrierless Quantum Dot Enhancement Film 156

4.6.1 QD Requirements for Barrierless QDEF 157

4.6.2 Construction and Manufacturing 158

4.6.3 Application 158

4.7 Quantum Dot Diffuser Plate 159

4.7.1 Quantum Dot Requirement 159

4.7.2 Construction and Manufacturing 160

4.7.3 Application 161

4.8 Summary and Outlook 161

References 162

5 Quantum Dot Color Conversion for Liquid Crystal Display 167
*Zhifu li, Ji li, Yanan Wang, Hanming li*

5.1 Introduction 167

5.2 Thin-film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display 168

5.2.1 Color Perception of Human Eyes 168

5.2.2 Basic Structure and Principle of Liquid Crystal Display 169

5.2.3 Advantages of Quantum Dot Liquid Crystal Display 172

5.3 Quantum Dot Color Conversion for Liquid Crystal Display 173

5.3.1 Quantum Dot Backlight 173

5.3.2 Quantum Dot Color Filter 178

5.4 Summary and Prospects 191

References 193

6 Quantum Dot (QD) Color Conversion for QD-Organic Light-Emitting Diode 197
*Keunchan Oh, Hyeokjin Lee, Gakseok Lee, Taehyung Hwang*

6.1 Introduction to Quantum Dot-Organic Light-emitting Diode 197

6.2 Color Conversion Materials 199

6.2.1 Quantum Dots in QD-OLED 200

6.2.2 Optical Scattering Particle 204

6.2.3 Surface Ligand Modification 207

6.2.4 Photo Enhancement and Degradation 210

6.3 Color Conversion Architecture 212

6.3.1 Bank 212

6.3.2 Color Filter 214

6.3.3 Optical Recycling Layer 215

6.3.4 Reflection 217

6.4 Inkjet Printing of CCM 218

6.4.1 Inkjet Equipment and Inspection 219

6.4.2 Rheological Properties of Colloidal QD Ink 220

6.4.3 Large Area Uniformity 224

6.5 Conclusion and Future Work 225

References 226

7 Quantum Dots for Augmented Reality 231
*Jason Hartlove*

7.1 Why Quantum Dots for Augmented Reality? 231

7.2 Augmented Reality Glasses: The Need for High-efficiency Small Emitters 232

7.2.1 ARG Requirements 232

7.2.2 Display Engine Approaches 235

7.3 QD Color Conversion Performance and Reliability Requirements 247

7.3.1 Quantum Dot PLQY 247

7.3.2 Quantum Dot Absorption 248

7.3.3 Flux Stability 249

7.4 Summary and Outlook 250

References 251

8 CdSe-based Quantum Dot Light-emitting Diodes 253
*Yiran Yan, Longjia Wu, Weiran Cao, Xiaolin Yan*

8.1 Overview of Quantum Dot Light-emitting Diode Development 253

8.2 Functional Layers 255

8.2.1 QD-emitting Layer 255

8.2.2 Hole Transport Layer 260

8.2.3 Electron Transport Layer 262

8.3 Aging Mechanism 264

8.3.1 Degradation Mechanism 264

8.3.2 Positive Aging Mechanism 272

8.4 Summary and Outlook 277

References 277

9 Quantum Dot Light-emitting Device Materials, Device Physics, and Fabrication: Cadmium-free 283
*Igor Coropceanu, Heeyoung Jung, Christian Ippen*

9.1 Introduction 283

9.1.1 Benefits of Quantum Dot Light-emitting Devices 283

9.1.2 Why Cd-free QD-LED? 284

9.2 Survey of Materials 285

9.2.1 General Considerations 285

9.2.2 Indium Phosphide 286

9.2.3…