Introduction to Clinical Informatics

Introduction to Clinical Informatics fills a void in the Computer in Health Care series. With this volume, Patrice Degoulet and Marius Fieschi provide a comprehensive view of medical informatics and carry that concept forward into the realm of clinical informatics. The authors draw upon their experi ences as medical school faculty members in France, where informatics has long been integrated into the curriculum and where the French version of this very book has been used, tested, and revised. In intent and content, this volume stands as the companion volume to Introduction to Nursing Informatics, one of the series' best selling titles. For practitioners and students of medicine, pharmacy, and other health profes sions, Introduction to Clinical Informatics offers an essential understanding how computing can support patient care, clarifying practical uses and critical issues. Today medical schools in the United States are making informatics a part of their curriculum, with required medical informatics blocks at the onset of training serving as the base for problem-based learning throughout the course of study. In an increasingly networked and computerized environ ment, health-care providers are having to alter how they practice. Whether in the office, the clinic, or the hospital, health-care professionals have access to a growing array of capabilities and tools as they deliver care. Learning to use these becomes a top priority, and this volume becomes a valuable resource.

Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Klappentext

Faced with the growing complexity of medicine, medical computing appea rs as an indispensible integrating element, be it for the management, the sharing, or the communication of medical data and knowledge. This work presents both the methodology and the applications of this techno logy. Hardware and software tools for managing medical information, as well as the medical information itself (data types, reasoning, semant ics) are developed in the initial chapters.

Inhalt

1. Systems for Managing Medical Information.- Principles of Computer Operations.- Hardware Architecture.- Software Architecture.- Communications and Networks.- Integrated System Architectures.- Exercises.- 2. Medical Software Development.- Computer Project Management.- Conceptual Models.- Software Development Tools.- Electronic Data Interchange.- Integrating Software Components.- Exercises.- 3. Medical Data and Semiology.- The Nature of Medical Data.- Interpreting Medical Data.- Quantitative Semiology.- Discussion and Conclusions.- Exercises.- 4. Medical Reasoning and Decision-Making.- Reasoning.- The Steps Involved in Making a Medical Decision.- Uncertainty and Medical Judgment.- Probability Theory and Decision Analysis.- Symbolic Reasoning and Expert Systems.- Learning.- Discussion and Conclusion.- Exercises.- 5. Medical Language and Classification Systems.- Coding and Classifications.- Examples of Classifications.- Discussion and Conclusion.- Exercises.- 6. Documentation Systems and Information Databases.- Technical Infrastructure.- General Characteristics.- Documentation Systems.- Discussion and Conclusion.- Exercises.- 7. Hospital Information Systems.- Analysis of the Information System.- The Components of an HIS.- Strategies and Technical Solutions.- Required Resources.- Discussion and Conclusion.- Exercises.- 8. Health-Care Networks.- The Health System.- Health-Care Networks and Health Information Systems.- The Information System for Generalists.- The Patient's Information System.- Discussion and Conclusion.- Exercises.- 9. Managing Patient Records.- Different Views of Patient Records.- Objectives and Expected Benefits.- Modeling Medical Information.- Implementing Computerized Medical Records.- Discussion and Conclusion.- Exercises.- 10. Physiological SignalProcessing.- Importance and Objectives.- Basic Signal Processing Concepts.- Sample Medical Applications.- Discussion and Conclusion.- Exercises.- 11. Medical Imaging Systems.- Importance and Objectives.- Image Acquisition Sources.- Digitized Images.- Basic Image Processing Principles.- Sample Medical Applications.- Imaging Management and Communication Systems.- Discussion and Conclusion.- Exercises.- 12. Medical Decision Support Systems.- Characteristics of Decision Support Systems.- Methodological Basis of Decision Support Systems.- Implementing Decision Support Systems.- Sample Decision Support Systems.- Discussion and Conclusion.- Exercises.- 13. Computer-Based Education.- The Need for a Global Pedagogical Approach.- The Role of Computer-Based Education.- Methods and Implementations.- Discussion and Conclusion.- Exercises.- 14. Analysis and Control of Medical Activity.- Controlling Health-Care Expenses.- Evaluation, Control, and Quality.- Methods and Principles for Analyzing Medical Activity.- Analyzing Medical Activity in the Hospital.- Discussion and Conclusion.- Exercises.- 15. Security and Data Protection.- Identifying the Risks.- Protecting Data Concerning Individuals.- Discussion and Conclusion.- Exercises.- Appendix A. Review of Probabilities.- Conditional Probabilities.- Baves' Formula.- Rc 'ative Risk and Odds Ratio.- Appendix B. Review of Logic.- Prepositional Logic.- Predicate Logic.- Appendix C. Some Useful References.- Medical Informatics Associations.- In France.- In Europe.- In the United States.- The International Medical Informatics Association.- Principal International Conferences.- Principal Specialized Publications.- Internet Addresses.- General Catalogs and Electronic Libraries.- Informatics in Health Care and Telemedicine, Standards.-Medical Informatics Textbooks.- Data and Knowledge Banks.- Medical guidelines, Evidence-Based Medicine.