About the book The contents of most of the chapters included in this volume were originally presented and discussed during the academic workshop 'High-tech Valleys and Research Triangles in the East of the Netherlands and elsewhere', held on 30 November and 1 December 2005 at the Wageningen International Congress Centre (WICC) in the Netherlands. At that time we had an informal agreement with Rob Bogers, series editor of the Wageningen UR Frontis book series that, if the quality and quantity of the talks and papers at the seminar would be sufficient and if there was willingness among the (potential) authors, an edited book volume based upon the results of the workshop would be a possibility. After the workshop, when we had a critical mass of ten chapters and a dedicated group of committed authors, the book project was given the green light. As editors we realized that there were still a couple of topics and themes missing, and when we had found colleagues for these four additional chapters that needed to be written, our Frontis book was on the roll! Although most of the time it was great fun, the whole process of writing, reviewing, rewriting, editing and proofreading took a lot of time; much more time than we originally had foreseen. We would like to thank all authors of the fourteen chapters of this book for their excellent contributions.

Provides a comparative perspective on the development of promising high-technology valleys and triangles like North Carolina, Israel Research Triangle Park, Knowledge Pearl Leuven-Flanders, emulating and learning from the leading innovation hotspot in the world, Silicon Valley Also provides inside perspectives on the promotion of innovation, entrepreneurship and knowledge transfer in distinct industries, such as information and communication technologies, agri-food industries, life sciences and defence industry

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Silicon Valley and the industrial districts of Italy, where shared identity, superior skills, regional specialization and trust-based networking among local firms have produced dynamic and flexible ecosystems, are inspiring examples of the successful promotion of thriving technology and business clusters. Cluster studies, besides acknowledging (the potential of) concentration and spill-overs in a dynamic network of larger companies and new start-up firms, also pay attention to the importance of investors, universities and other supportive institutions that contribute to the international and longer-term competitiveness of local industry clusters.

This book looks at why certain regions are successful in creating an innovative technology cluster (with chapters on Silicon Valley and the Italian Food districts) and why aspiring communities and districts seek to learn from those examples and create an internationally successful region or sector (with chapters on the Dutch Biopartner program to stimulate entrepreneurship in the life sciences, on high-tech Israel and on the Italian Slow Food Movement). In some cases internationally renowned universities and/or research laboratories inspire engineers and scientists to become entrepreneurs and take the lead in cluster development (e.g. in the chapters on Food Valley Wageningen, the Knowledge Pearl Leuven-Flanders and the Scandinavian Oresund cluster). In other cases indigenous flagship firms, collaborating with each other and outsourcing many activities to smaller companies, may act as a region's catalyst (e.g. in the chapters on Flanders Vegetable Valley, the Dutch horticultural industry and the Defence Diversification Agency in the UK). Chapters on North Carolina's Research Triangle Park and the recent initiative to stimulate innovativeness in East Netherlands show that also an active government can stimulate emerging clusters by making local resources and funds available (e.g. risk capital, high-qualityinfrastructure), attracting foreign firms to invest and building ties between the private sector, knowledge institutions and local authorities.

Inhalt
Venturing And Clustering In Agri-Food And High-Technology Hot Spots.- Venturing and Clustering in Agri-Food and High-Technology Hot Spots.- High-tech clusters in the United States and Europe.- North Carolina's Research Triangle Park.- Clustering In ICT.- A Hotbed For Entrepreneurship And Innovation.- Creating The Dynamic Technology Region.- The Importance of Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Knowledge Transfer.- Innovation and Knowledge Transfer in The Dutch Horticultural System.- A Demand-Led, Network-Based Approach To Technology Transfer.- Stimulating Entrepreneurship In Life Sciences.- Agri-food clusters and communities in Europe.- Structural Changes and the Role of Districts in the Development of the Italian Food Industry.- Food Innovation at Interfaces.- The Emergence Of Slow Food.- The Flemish Frozen-Vegetable Industry As An Example Of Cluster Analysis.- Stimulating Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Regional Clustering in the East Netherlands.- East Netherlands As An Innovation Region.- From 'Wageningen City of Life Sciences' to 'Food Valley'.