FRANCIS W. HOLM 7102 Meadow Lane, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) sponsored an Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) in Prague, Czech Republic, on 1-2 July 1996, to collect and study information on mobile alternative and supplemental demilitarization technologies and to report these fmdings. The mobile, or transportable, technologies identified for assessment at the workshop are alternatives to incineration technology for destruction of munitions, chemical warfare agent, and associated materials and debris. Although the discussion focused on the treatment of metal parts and explosive or energetic material, requirements for decontamination of other materials were discussed. The mobile alternative technologies are grouped into three categories based on process bulk operating temperature: low (0-200 C), medium (200-600 C), and high (600- 3,500 C). Reaction types considered include hydrolysis, biodegradation, electrochemical oxidation, gas-phase high-temperature reduction, stearn reforming, gasification, sulfur reactions, solvated electron chemistry, sodium reactions, supercritical water oxidation, wet air oxidation, and plasma torch technology. These categories represent a broad spectrum of processes, some of which have been studied only in the laboratory and some of which are in commercial use for destruction of hazardous and toxic wastes. Some technologies have been developed and used for specific commercial applications; however, in all cases, research, development, test, and evaluation (RDT &E) is necessary to assure that each technology application is effective for destroying chemical warfare materiel.

Klappentext

This book assesses a broad range of mobile technologies that have been proposed by agencies throughout the world as alternatives to incineration for the remediation and destruction of chemical warfare agents and associated emmatériel/em. Treatments of both metal parts and explosive or energetic materials are considered. The alternative technologies are grouped into three categories based on process bulk operating temperature: low (0-200°C), medium (200-600°C), and high (600-3500°C). Reactions considered include neutralization, biodegradation, hydrolysis, electrochemical oxidation, supercritical water oxidation, wet air oxidation, plasma reactions, gasification, hydrogenation, pyrolysis, and others. A broad spectrum of processes are described, many of which are as yet only in the laboratory stage while others are in commercial use. br/ emAudience:/em Engineers, technologists and decision makers who require an understanding of the developmental status of alternative demilitarization technologies.

Inhalt

1. Chemical Demilitarization Program.- 2. Cryofracture as a Mobile Demilitarization Technology for Non-Stockpile Chemical Munitions.- 3. Chemical Warfare Agent Destruction with Solvated Electron Technology.- 4. Biodegradation of Alkanes and PCBs: Experience in the Czech Republic.- 5. Chemical Detoxification of Chemical Weapons Applying Sodium-Technology.- 6. Mobile Demilitarization Systems.- 7. The Application of the Silver II Electrochemical Oxidation Process for the Demilitarization of Non-Stockpile Material.- 8. Sulchem Process for Treatment of Chemical Weapons-Related Wastes.- 9. The Remediation of a Former Military Site with a Mobile Plant for Soil Washing and Thermal Treatment.- 10. Hydrothermal Oxidation.- 11. Texaco Gasification Process.- 12. The Eco Logic Process.- 13. Plasmachemical Destruction of Chemical Weapons.- 14. Overview of Radioactive and Mixed Waste Cleanup Technologies.