Multielement System Design in Astronomy and Radio Science

The multielement systems have been widely used in many fields of astron omy and radio science in the last decades. This is caused by the increasing demands on the resolution and sensitivity of such systems over the wide range of the electromagnetic wavelengths, from gamma up to radio. The ground-based optical and radio interferometers, gamma-ray and X-ray or bital telescopes, antenna arrays of radio telescopes and also some other radio devices belong to scientific instruments using multielement systems. There fore, the current problems of the optimal construction of such systems, or precisely, those of searching for the best arrangement of the elements in them, were formulated. A rather large number of scientific papers, including those of the authors, is devoted to these problems, and we believe that the time has come to integrate the basic results of the papers into the mono graph. The offered book consists of three parts. The first part is concerned with the optimal synthesis of optical and radio interferometers of various types and purposes; the synthesis of non-equidistant antenna arrays is con sidered in the second part; and the methods for the construction of coded masks for X-ray and gamma-ray orbital telescopes are expounded in the third one. Since in the text combinatorial constructions which are little known to astronomers are used, the necessary information is given in the appendices. Various tables containing the parameters of the systems consid ered are also represented.

Klappentext

The multielement systems have been widely used in many fields of astron omy and radio science in the last decades. This is caused by the increasing demands on the resolution and sensitivity of such systems over the wide range of the electromagnetic wavelengths, from gamma up to radio. The ground-based optical and radio interferometers, gamma-ray and X-ray or bital telescopes, antenna arrays of radio telescopes and also some other radio devices belong to scientific instruments using multielement systems. There fore, the current problems of the optimal construction of such systems, or precisely, those of searching for the best arrangement of the elements in them, were formulated. A rather large number of scientific papers, including those of the authors, is devoted to these problems, and we believe that the time has come to integrate the basic results of the papers into the mono graph. The offered book consists of three parts. The first part is concerned with the optimal synthesis of optical and radio interferometers of various types and purposes; the synthesis of non-equidistant antenna arrays is con sidered in the second part; and the methods for the construction of coded masks for X-ray and gamma-ray orbital telescopes are expounded in the third one. Since in the text combinatorial constructions which are little known to astronomers are used, the necessary information is given in the appendices. Various tables containing the parameters of the systems consid ered are also represented.

Zusammenfassung
The multielement systems have been widely used in many fields of astron­ omy and radio science in the last decades. This is caused by the increasing demands on the resolution and sensitivity of such systems over the wide range of the electromagnetic wavelengths, from gamma up to radio. The ground-based optical and radio interferometers, gamma-ray and X-ray or­ bital telescopes, antenna arrays of radio telescopes and also some other radio devices belong to scientific instruments using multielement systems. There­ fore, the current problems of the optimal construction of such systems, or precisely, those of searching for the best arrangement of the elements in them, were formulated. A rather large number of scientific papers, including those of the authors, is devoted to these problems, and we believe that the time has come to integrate the basic results of the papers into the mono­ graph. The offered book consists of three parts. The first part is concerned with the optimal synthesis of optical and radio interferometers of various types and purposes; the synthesis of non-equidistant antenna arrays is con­ sidered in the second part; and the methods for the construction of coded masks for X-ray and gamma-ray orbital telescopes are expounded in the third one. Since in the text combinatorial constructions which are little known to astronomers are used, the necessary information is given in the appendices. Various tables containing the parameters of the systems consid­ ered are also represented.

Inhalt
1 Linear Interferometers.- 2 Interferometers with Complete Coverage of Rectangular Domains in the U,V -Plane.- 3 Interferometers with Complete Coverage of Symmetrized Domains in the U,V -Plane.- 4 Interferometers Having Non-Redundant Apertures.- 5 General Reasons and Statement of the Problem.- 6 Linear Non-Equidistant Antenna Arrays.- 7 Planar Antenna Arrays Based on Difference Sets.- 8 Methods for Synthesizing Coded Masks.- 9 Sensitivity of X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Telescopes with Coded Apertures.- Mathematical Appendices.- A Difference Sets on Linear Grids.- A.1 Cyclic Difference Sets.- A.1.1 Properties of Cyclic Difference Sets and Associated Notions.- A.1.2 Types of Cyclic Difference Sets.- A.2 Relative Difference Sets.- A.3 Generalizations of Relative Difference Sets.- B Difference Sets on Rectangular Grids.- B.1 Definition and Properties of Two-Dimensional Difference Sets.- B.2 Difference Sets on Grids with Coprime Sidelengths.- B.3 2-D Noncyclic Difference Sets.- B.3.1 Hadamard Sets.- B.3.2 Difference Sets of Other Types.- B.4 Generalizations of 2-D Difference Sets.- C Tables of Difference Sets.