This volume contains the proceedings of a conference held in Freiburg, West Germany, September 22-25, 1980, entitled "Manned Systems Design, New Methods and Equipment". The conference was sponsored by the Special Programme Panel on Human Factors of the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO, and supported by Panel VIII, AC/243, on "Human and Biomedical Sciences". Their sponsorship and support are gratefully acknowledged. The contributions in the book are grouped according to the main themes of the conference with special emphasis on analytical approaches, measurement of performance, and simulator design and evaluat ion. The design of manned systems covers many and highly diversified areas. Therefore, a conference under the general title of "Manned Systems Design" is rather ambitious in itself. However, scientists and engineers engaged in the design of manned systems very often are confronted with problems that can be solved only by having several disciplines working together. So it was felt that knowledge about newly developed methods and equipment, applicable in the design process, is of common and increasing interest for all those who are engaged in the design of manned systems, from the earliest con ceptual design phases until operation under real circumstances. This seems to be particularly true in view of restricted resources of manpower and energy.

Inhalt
I: Concepts and Strategies.- Methods: Past Approaches, Current Trends and Future Requirements.- A Research Program for the Proper Inclusion of Human Resources in the Design Process.- Development and Use of Research Methodologies for Complex System/Simulation Experimentation.- II: Analytical Approaches.- A Review of Simulation Languages and Their Application to Manned Systems Design.- The Human Operator Simulator: An Overview.- SAINT, A Digital Simulation Language for the Study of Manned Systems.- Analytical Evaluation of Manned Systems with Task Network Models.- Statistical Techniques for Instrument Panel Arrangement.- III: Measurement of Performance.- A Method for Semi-Automatic Analysis of Eye Movements.- Narrowing of the Visual Field as an Indicator of Mental Workload?.- Eye Movement Measurement in the Assessment and Training of Visual Performance.- Physiological Monitoring and the Concept of Adaptive Systems.- Electrophysiological Measurement Techniques.- Electromyography and Applications.- The Smallest Manned System: Clothing.- Analysis of Human Movements for Workplace Design.- Measurements of Spine Location During Lifting.- Evaluation of Synthesized Voice Approach Callouts (SYNCALL).- The Use of Video-Techniques in Traffic Research.- IV: Simulator Design and Evaluation.- Evaluating Simulator Validity.- Justification for, Design of, an Economical Programmable Multiple Flight Simulator Facility.- Evaluation of Various Design Alternatives Influencing Discomfort in a Driving Simulator.- Video Dics Technology: A New Approach to the Design of Training Devices.- Contributors.