The decade of war and violence culminating in the Conference of Lausanne was formative for the modern state of Turkey, as it was for interwar Europe''s diplomacy and appeasement. Yet the currents that gave rise to the defining events of the period - ultranationalism, imperial proto-fascism, and pan-Islamism - have yet to be definitively integrated into historiography. The case studies in this book reappraise key events, concepts, and individuals in late Ottoman and early Republican Turkey. Divided into four parts, the book first examines squandered opportunities for democratic reform of the multi-ethnic empire, as well as the emergence of extreme politico-religious ideology in the late Ottoman period. It then examines the continuity of these currents in Kemalist Turkey in case studies including anti-Kurdish campaigns and biographical studies of key actors, insiders, and ideologues such as Ziya Gokalp, Cavid Bey, Riza Nur, and Mahmut Bozkurt. The final part of the book explores the legacy of Turkey''s violent formation vis-a-vis its relations with wartime ally Germany in the context particularly of the Armenian genocide. Together, the chapters in this book emphasise the legacy of foundational violence which marked the formation of authoritarian modern Turkey, while highlighting the need for new, inclusive democratic social contracts.>

Vorwort
A reappraisal of the legacy of extreme violence and ideology at the end of the Ottoman Empire and the historical basis for peace in Turkey.

Autorentext

Hans-Lukas Kieser is a historian of the late Ottoman Empire and Turkey at the University of Newcastle, Australia, and the University of Zurich, Switzerland.

Klappentext

"The case studies in this book reappraise key events, concepts, and individuals in late Ottoman and early Republican Turkey. Divided into four parts, the book first examines the extreme politico-religious ideology of the late Ottoman period, as well as squandered opportunities for democratic reform of the multi-ethnic empire. It then examines the continuity of these currents in Kemalist Turkey in case studies including an analysis of campaigns against Alevis in Dersim, and biographical studies of key Kemalist actors and ideologues such as Ziya Gèokalp and Mahmut Bozkurt. The final part of the book explores the legacy of Turkey's violent formation vis-áa-vis its relations with wartime ally Germany in the context of particularly of the Armenian genocide"--

Inhalt
List of Figures List of Maps Acknowledgments Introduction. 1. Democracy Versus Genocide? Part I. Reform and Massacre in an Expiring Sultanate-Caliphate. 2. Fair Futures! Missionaries against Indian Removal, Armenian Atrocities 3. Islamic Empire and the Politics of Societal Massacre 4. Choosing War in the Crisis of Reform: The 1914 Agreement for Anatolia and Germany Part II. Turkey's Ultranationalist Refoundation. 5. Pact, Not Peace: The Lausanne Treaty's Near East Peace 6. Riza Nur: Co-Founder of the Republic, Delegate in Lausanne, Pan-Turkist 7. The Destruction of Dersim Part III. Revolution and Anti-Democracy: Biographical Approaches. 8. Ziya Gökalp: Mentor of Ultranationalism, Advocate of Education 9. Patriot Cavid Bey, Victim of Judicial Murder in Ankara 10. Mahmut Bozkurt: Revolution, Racism, and the Secular Republic 11. Parvus in Turkey, a Merchant of Revolution and War Part IV. End of Empire, Time of Genocide: Turkey's and Germany's Affinitiy. 12. Johannes Lepsius, a German Patriot and Protestant Internationalist 13. Ambassador Wangenheim and the CUP: A Model of Moral Defeatism 14. Democrat Matthias Erzberger and Turkey 15. Germany and the Armenians: A Fatal Failure Epilogue. Index.