This book provides a chronological introduction to modern atomic theory, which represented an attempt to reconcile the ancient doctrine of atomism with careful experimentsperformed during the 19th centuryon the flow of heat through substances and across empty space. Included herein are selections from classic texts such as Carnot's Reflection on the Motive Power of Fire, Clausius' Mechanical Theory of Heat, Rutherford's Nuclear Constitution of Atoms, Planck's Atomic Theory of Matter and Heisenberg's Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Theory. Each chapter begins with a short introduction followed by a reading selection. Carefully crafted study questions draw out key points in the text and focus the reader's attention on the author's methods, analysis and conclusions. Numerical and laboratory exercises at the end of each chapter test the reader's ability to understand and apply key concepts from the text. Heat, Radiation and Quanta is the last of four volumes in A Student's Guide through the Great Physics Texts. The book comes from a four-semester undergraduate physics curriculum designed to encourage a critical and circumspect approach to natural science while at the same time preparing students for advanced coursework in physics. This book is particularly suitable as a college-level textbook for students of the natural sciences, history or philosophy. It might also serve as a textbook for advanced high-school or home-schooled students, or as a thematically-organized source-book for scholars and motivated lay-readers. In studying the classic scientific texts included herein, the reader will be drawn toward a lifetime of contemplation.

Provides readers with a comprehensive introduction to physics based from foundational texts in physics and astronomy Contains a coherent and self-contained general physics curriculum which can be readily implemented at the college or advanced high-school level Encourages a critical and circumspect approach to the study of natural science, while at the same time developing a suitable foundation for advanced coursework in physics Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Autorentext

Dr. Kerry K. Kuehn is Professor in the Department of Physics at Wisconsin Lutheran College. He is a member of the American Physical Society and is also an Advisory Council member for NASA Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium and Fidelitas (WLC Honors Program).

Inhalt
A New Science of Heat.- Heat, Symmetry and Mathematics.- Steam Engines and Heat Flow.- Carnot's Cycle.- Engines are Thermometers.- Temperature, Pressure and Reversibility.- The Language of Science.- Energy and Entropy.- Conduction of Heat.- On Radiation.- Atomism and Kinetic Theory.- Atomism and Kinetic Theory 2.- Dynamical and Statistical Laws.- The Discovery of the Electron.- The Mass and Velocity of a-particles.- Identifying the a Particle.- Targeting the Nucleus.- Nuclear Structure.- The Discovery of the Neutron.- The Nature of the Neutron.- Corpuscles of Light.- X-Ray Optics 1.- X-Ray Optics 2.- Electron diffraction 1.- Electron diffraction 2.- The Bohr model of the atom.- Atomic spectra.- The periodic table.- The Birth of the Quantum.- Matter Waves.- Quantum Orthodoxy.- Causality and Chance in Quantum Theory.- Indeterminacy.- Bohm's critique of Copenhagen.