The Physics of the Two-Dimensional Electron Gas

The 1986 Advanced Study Institute on "The Physics of the two-Dimen sional Electron Gas" took place at the Conference Centre liTer Helme", close to Oostende (Belgium), from June 2 till 16, 1986. We were motivated to organize this Advanced Study Institute in view of the recent experimental and theoretical progress in the study of the two-dimensional electron gas. An additional motivation was our own theore tical interest in cyclotron resonance in two-dimensional electron systems at our institute. It is my pleasure to thank several instances and people who made this Advanced Study Institute possible. First of all, the sponsor of the Advanced Study Institute, the NATO Scientific Committee. Furthermore, the co sponsors: Agfa Gevaert, Bell Telephone Mfg. Co. N.V., Burroughs Belgium. Control Data. Digital Equipment Corporation, Esso Belgium. European Research Office (USA). Kredietbank. National Science Foundation (USA). Special thanks are due to the members of the Program Committee and the members of the Organizing Committee. I would also like to thank Mrs. H. Evans for typing assistance.

Klappentext

The 1986 Advanced Study Institute on "The Physics of the two-Dimen­ sional Electron Gas" took place at the Conference Centre liTer Helme", close to Oostende (Belgium), from June 2 till 16, 1986. We were motivated to organize this Advanced Study Institute in view of the recent experimental and theoretical progress in the study of the two-dimensional electron gas. An additional motivation was our own theore­ tical interest in cyclotron resonance in two-dimensional electron systems at our institute. It is my pleasure to thank several instances and people who made this Advanced Study Institute possible. First of all, the sponsor of the Advanced Study Institute, the NATO Scientific Committee. Furthermore, the co­ sponsors: Agfa Gevaert, Bell Telephone Mfg. Co. N.V., Burroughs Belgium. Control Data. Digital Equipment Corporation, Esso Belgium. European Research Office (USA). Kredietbank. National Science Foundation (USA). Special thanks are due to the members of the Program Committee and the members of the Organizing Committee. I would also like to thank Mrs. H. Evans for typing assistance.

Inhalt
The Integer and the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect.- The Quantum Hall Effect.- Theory of the Integer Quantum Hall Effect an Introductory Survey.- 1. Klaus von Klitzing's discovery.- 2. The Hall effect.- 3. Quantum mechanics of an electron in a magnetic field.- 4. Different ways of calculating the Hall conductivity.- 5. Disordered systems.- 6. High field limit.- 7. The gauge argument.- 8. Topological approach.- 9. Scattering theoretical approach.- 10. Field theoretical approach.- 11. Conclusions.- References.- Experimental Aspects of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Theoretical background.- 3. Experimental configurations.- 4. Experimental results.- 5. Other experiments and conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- Interactions in 2D Electron Systems.- 1. Some qualitative aspects of itinerant 2D systems.- 2. Excitations in the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect -magneto-rotons.- 3. Transport and impurity effects in the magneto-roton picture.- References.- Electron-Phonon Interaction.- Electron-Phonon Interaction in Two-Dimensional Systems: Polaron Effects and Screening.- 1. The free polaron in two dimensions -singe particle approximation.- 2. Many-particle problem in two dimensions -effect of screening of the electron-phonon interaction.- 3. The 2D polaron system subjected to a static magnetic field.- References.- Appendix A: Theory of the cyclotron resonance spectrum of a polaron in two dimensions.- Appendix B: Influence of many-body effects on the cyclotron resonance mass of two-dimensional polarons with application to GaAs-AlGaAs heterostructures.- Hot Carrier Effects in Quasí-2D Polar Semiconductors.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Basic concepts.- 3. Electron-phonon interactions in 3D.- 4. Theoretical investigations in quasi-2D systems.- 5. Experimental investigations.- 6. Summary.- Acknowledgments.- References.- Anomalous Current Oscillations in Semiconductor-Insulator-Semiconductor Structures and Related Devices.- 1. Introduction and historical background.- 2. Experiments.- 3. Theoretical models.- 4. Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- Band Structure.- k.p Theory for Two-Dimensional Systems.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Fundamentals -3D theory.- 3. k.p theory for 2D systems.- 4. Heterostructures.- 5. Wave function matching.- 6. Variational solution.- 7. Numerical results.- 8. Spin splitting.- 9. Tunneling through semiconductor barriers.- Acknowledgments.- References.- Inversion Electrons in InSb in Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Classical trajectories of inversion electrons in crossed fields.- 3. One-band model for crossed fields: energy levels and transition probabilities.- 4. Experiments: diamagnetically shifted intersubband resonance vs cyclotron resonance.- 5. Two-band model in crossed fields: analogy to relativistic electrons.- 6. Experiments: destruction of Landau quantization in strong electric fields.- Acknowledgments.- References.- Electric Properties of II-VI Compound Superlattices.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Band structure of bulk HgTe and CdTe.- 3. Growth of II-VI compound superlattices.- 4. Magneto-optical investigations of HgTe-CdTe superlattices.- 5. Optical absorption studies.- 6. HgTe-CdTe superlattices as infrared materials.- 7. Some aspects of CdTe-Cd1-xMnxTe superlattices.- 8. Some prospects about Cd1-xMnxTe-Cd1-yMnyTe hetero-structures.- 9. Conclusion.- Acknowledgments.- References.- Special Topics.- Density of States of Two-Dimensional Systems in High Magnetic Fields.- Abstract.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Specific heat.- 3. Magnetization.- 4. Activated resistivity.- 5. Magnetocapacitance.- 6. Cyclotron resonance spectroscopy.- 7. Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- Electrons on Liquid Helium.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Surface state electrons on liquid helium.- 3. Wigner crystal.- 4. Self-trapping.- Acknowledgments.- References.- Author index.- Material Index.