This open access book examines how and why various forms of climate (im)mobilities can impact people's objective and subjective well-being. Worsening climate impacts are forcing subsistence farmers worldwide to decide between staying or leaving their homes. This mixed methods study analyzes cases of climate-related migration, displacement, relocation, and immobility in Peru's coastal, highland, and rainforest regions. The results reveal that numerous farmers experienced profound and often negative well-being impacts, regardless of whether they stayed or migrated. The higher the structural constraints, such as weak governance, and the more damaging the climate impacts were, the higher the risk of well-being declines. Additionally, the affected individuals often had limited agency and ability to mitigate losses. These findings challenge the notion of "migration as adaptation" and emphasize the importance of safeguarding the human rights and security of those affected while addressing loss and damage. Without significant investments in such efforts, climate impacts could sharply diminish the well-being of numerous subsistence farmers worldwideirrespective of whether they stay or migrate.

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Autorentext

About the author**Jonas Bergmann,** an expert in climate (im)mobilities, has worked with organizations such as KNOMAD, the World Bank, and the OECD. He conducted the study for this book at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), where he continues to serve as a guest researcher.

Inhalt
Introduction.- Conceptual Approach.- Research Philosophy, Methodological Implications, and Research Design.- State of the Evidence on Climate (Im)mobilities and Well-Being.- Sierra: Rural-to-Urban Migration and Immobility Related to Water Scarcity in Peru's Highlands.- Selva: Flood-Driven Entrapment and Planned Relocation in Peru's Rainforest.- Costa: Flood Displacement During the 2017 Coastal El Niño in Peru.- Comparative Analysis and Overarching Propositions.- Conclusions.- References.