This book compiles and reorganizes previously published research to give readers a clear overview of how living systems respond to hydrostatic pressurea force present from the deepest oceans to the human body. Although scientists have recognized its importance for decades, many questions remain. By bringing together work from across the field, this volume provides a comprehensive look at both the physical forces involved and the biological processes they influence.

The central theme is how cells sense pressure and convert it into biological signals, a process known as Mechan transduction. The book is organized into three sections: the first explains what hydrostatic pressure is and why it matters; the second reviews laboratory studies on pressure and fluid flow in different organ systems; and the third examines studies on pressure and stretching forces. Through this reorganized collection of research, the book offers readers a deeper understanding of the essential role hydrostatic pressure plays in biology and health.

Includes comprehensive coverage of hydrostatic pressure mechanobiology in a single volume Displays different organ systems and different mechanical stimuli effects on cells Shows Numerous illustration, simple equations and analogies

Autorentext

Jiro Nagatomi is a professor of bioengineering and the director of Cell Mechanics and Mechanobiology Laboratory at Clemson University (South Carolina). He has been an active researcher and educator in the field of mechanobiology for over 20 years.

He completed his B.S. and Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (New York). His doctoral thesis was on an in vitro investigation of the effects of hydrostatic pressure on bone cell functions. He worked as a postdoctoral research associate at the University of Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) in soft tissue biomechanics before assuming his current faculty position at Clemson University in 2005. He has established his own research program and administered federally funded research projects as PI, and mentored 20+ graduate and 50+ undergraduate students. His research group is interested in understanding the mechanisms involved in cellular Mechan transduction of hydrostatic pressure and developing bioreactors for research in mechanobiology. In addition, his group has had projects in biomaterials and regenerative medicine research. He is also active in international education, especially in student exchange activities with Japanese universities, and has sent over 140 students from Clemson University to various institutions in Japan.

Inhalt

Part 1. What is hydrostatic pressure and why is it important for Biomechanics.- Chapter 1.Physics of hydrostatic pressure, continuum mechanics (hydrostatic stress) vs. fluid mechanics (HP as a thermodynamic quantity).- Chapter 2. Hydrostatic pressure in nature (plant, deep sea biology, bacteria/microorganism).- Chapter 3. Hydrostatic pressure in mammalian physiology and pathology, various organ systems.- Part 2. In vitro studies of HP mechanobiology.- Chapter 4. HP vs stretch (Bladder, lungs, vascular).- Chapter 5. HP vs flow (Vascular, Bone).- Chapter 6. HP vs osmotic (cancer, brain, kidney),- Chapter 7. Static vs dynamic HP (Chondrocyte, IVD).- Chapter 8. In vitro systems criticism (ocular).- Part 3. Events and pathways involved in HP Mechanotransduction.-Chapter 9. Intracellular signal transduction.- Chapter 10. Cell volume regulation, aquaporin, membrane, cytoskeleton.- Chapter 11. Membrane bound ion channels and calcium signaling.- Chapter 12. ATP release, purinergic signaling, DAMP, inflammasome.- Chapter 13. ECM synthesis, fibrosis, EMT.- Conclusion.