This volume contains 39 contributions presented at the IUTAM Symposium on Mechanics of Granular and Porous Materials. The Symposium reviewed the current understanding of the constitutive behaviour of porous and granular solids, based on experimental data, numerical simulations and micromechanical models. An interdisciplinary approach is adopted, involving the fields of solid mechanics, materials science, geomechanics, chemical engineering and mathematics. This book emphasises the development and use of constitutive laws to model practical processes such as mixing, drainage and drying, compaction of metal and ceramic powders and soils, and instabilities associated with these processes. A common theme is the development of constitutive models from an understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms of deformation and fracture.
The volume will be of interest to researchers and to engineers concerned with measuring and predicting the response of granular and porous solids for structural applications.

Zusammenfassung
This volume is composed of the proceedings on a symposium held at Cambridge in July 1996. The symposium reviewed the current understanding of the constitutive behaviour of porous and granular solids, based on experimental data, numerical simulations and micromechanical models.

Inhalt

Preface. Constitutive Models. The Viscoplastic Compaction of Powders; N.A. Fleck, et al. Inelastic Behaviour of Random Arrays of Identical Spheres; J.T. Jenkins. Fractal Fragmentation and Frictional Stability in Granular Materials; C.G. Sammis. Clastic Mechanics; M.D. Bolton, G.R. McDowell. Compressible Porous Media: Toward a General Theory; R. de Boer. Mechanical Behaviour of Mixtures of Kaolin and Coarse Sand; G.V. Kumar, D.M. Wood. Constitutive Modelling of Response of Granular Interface Layers; Z. Mróz. A Characteristic State Plasticity Model for Granular Materials; S. Krenk. On the Constitutive Potential for Powder and Porous Bodies; M. Shtern. Scaling Laws in the Consolidation of Powder Compacts; A. Casagranda, P. Sofronis. Constitutive Equation for Compaction of Ceramic Powders; N.D. Cristescu, et al. A Constitutive Model for the Sintering of Fine Grained Alumina; M. Jan, A.C.F. Cocks. Importance of Incremental Nonlinearity in the Deformation of Granular Materials; Y. Tobita. The Use of Legendre Transformations in Developing the Constitutive Laws of Geomechanics from Thermodynamic Principles; I.F. Collins. Derivation of Incremental Stress-Strain Response for Plasticity Models Based on Thermodynamic Functions; G.T. Houlsby. Contact Mechanics and Computational Methods. Local Contact Behaviour of Viscoplastic Particles; B. Storåkers. Cement Among Grains in Rocks; J. Dvorkin. Three Dimensional Discrete Mechanics of Granular Materials; M. Satake. Numerical Analysis of Clay Particle Assemblies; A. Anandarajah. On Gradient-Enhanced Damage Theories; R. de Borst, et al. Granular Flow: Theory and Applications. Remarks on Coaxiality in Fully Developed Gravity Flows of Dry Granular Materials; A.J.M. Spencer. Modelling Mathematically the Flow of Granular Materials; D. Harris. The Double-Shearing Velocity Equations for Dilatant Shear-Index Granular Materials; J.M. Hill. Distinct Element Simulations and Dynamic Microstructural Imaging of Slow Shearing Granular Flows; U. Tüzün, D.M. Heyes. Granular Avalanches on Complex Topography; J.M.N.T. Gray. Tracking Particles in Tumbling Containers; G. Metcalfe. On the Reality of Antisymmetric Stresses in Fast Granular Flows; H.-B. Mühlhaus, P. Hornby. Internal Friction Angles: Characterization Using Biaxial Test Simulations; D. Corriveau, et al. A Mechanistic Model for Attrition of Particles in Flow Systems; D.C. Clupper, et al. Instabilities. Simple Shear of Porous Materials at Large Strains; D. Durban, O. Yagel. Formation of Shear Bands in Models of Granular Material; M. Shearer, et al. Microstructure Developed in Shear Bands of Dense Granular Soils and its Computer Simulation &endash; Mechanisms of Dilatancy and Failure; M. Oda, et al. The Evolution of Anisotropy in Porous Materials and its Implications for Shear Localization; M. Kailasam, P.P. Castañeda. Shear Band Localization in Fluid-Saturated Granular Elasto-Plastic Porous Media; W. Ehlers. Applications. Consolidation of Metal Coated Fibres; H.N.G. Wadley, J.M. Kunze. Analysis for Die Compaction of Metal Powders; K.T. Kim, et al. The Modelling of the Influence of Wall Friction on the Characteristics of Pressed Ceramic Parts; S.A. Watson, et al. Drainage and Drying of Deformable Porous Materials: One-Dimensional Case Study; P. Dangla, O. Coussy. Mechanics of Sand Production for Acting Wells; S.B. Grafutko, V.N. Nikolaevskiy.