The OHOLO conferences have been convened annually as from the spring of 1956; they have covered very wide areas from different and overlapping disciplines, as can be seen from the following list: 1956 Bacterial Genetics (not published) 1957 Tissue Cultures in Virological Research (not published) 1958 Inborn and Acquired Resistance to Infection in Animals (not published) 1959 Experimental Approach to Mental Diseases (not published) 1960 Cryptobiotic Stages in Biological Systems* 1961 Virus - Cell Relationships** 1962 Biological Synthesis and Function of Nucleic Acids** 1963 Cellular Control Mechanism of Macromolecular Synthesis** 1964 Molecular Aspects of Immunology** 1965 Cell Surfaces** 1966 Chemistry and Biology of Psychotropic Agents (not published) 1967 Structure and Mode of Action of Enzymes** 1968 Growth and Differentiation of Cells in vitro** 1969 Behaviour of Animal Cells in Culture** 1970 Microbial Toxins** 1971 Interaction of Chemical Agents with Cholinergic Mechanisms** The participants at these meetings from the different scien tific institutions of Israel and from many countries, are engaged in fields of study which represent widely divergent approaches to biology. Thus, a characteristic feature of the OHOLO meetings has been their multi-disciplinary nature. These small international conferences are distinguished by the relaxed atmosphere in which they are held, with ample time for informal as weIl as formal discussions. *Published by Elsevier Publishing Co. , Amsterdam (1960). **Published by the Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona.

Inhalt
Welcoming Address.- Viruses and the Immune Response.- Structure-Function Relationships in Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus.- The Origin of Pandemic Strains of Influenza. Evidence from Studies of the Structure of the Hemagglutinin Subunits.- Immunogenic Properties of Native, Reconstituted and Hybrid Membranes of Mycoplasmas.- The Antibody Response to Different Measles Virus Antigens under Various Conditions of Immunization.- Structural and Immunologic Characteristics of Subviral Components of Sindbis, Eastern Equine and Western Equine Encephalitis Viruses.- Secretory and Systemic Cell-Mediated and Humoral Immune Response in Humans and Guinea Pigs to the Inactivated Influenze Virus Vaccine.- Concepts of Louse-Borne Typhus Control in Developing Countries: The Use of the Living Attenuated E Strain Typhus Vaccine in Epidemic and Endemic Situations.- The Possible Use of Temperature-Sensitive Conditional Lethal Mutants for Immunization in Viral Infections.- Genetic Control and Immunity.- Perspectives in the Control of Viral Diseases Including Cancer.- Production of Vaccines with Special Reference to Rubella Vaccine RA 27/3 Strain in WI 38 Cells.- Preparation of Vaccines Cell Substrates.- Viral Vaccines: Various Cell Substrates and Long-Term Prospective Studies.- Vaccination with Purified Viral Proteins.- Synthetic Vaccines A Dream or Reality.- Poliomyelitis Vaccination in Tropical Countries.- Non-Polio Virus Interference with Oral Polio Vaccine Immunization: Possible Influence of Physical Climate and Socio-Economic Status.- Round Table Conference.- List of Participants.