The present book is a translation of the original German edition (published in 1982) with some minor corrections and improvements. The guide to sup plementary and advanced literature given in the Appendix, however, has been brought up to date. This book is addressed primarily to students taking astronomy as a prin cipal or subsidiary subject, and to scientists of related fields, but amateur as tronomers should also be able to profit from it. For most chapters an elementary knowledge of mathematics and physics will be sufficient, however, Chaps. 5 and 6 impose somewhat greater requirements. In addition the reader should already be acquainted with the basic concepts of stellar physics as treated in introduc tory books, including the spectral types, the system of stellar magnitudes and colours, absolute magnitudes and luminosities, the Herlzsprung-Russell dia gram and its interpretation. A modem textbook should use SI units. On the other hand, the use of the cgs system is still the prevailing custom in astrophysics - together with the special units of astronomy: length is quoted in parsecs [pc], mass in solar masses [M0] and time in years [a]. We have therefore compromised and employed both cgs and SI units in this book, whichever was the appropriate choice in each instance. A table for conversion of cgs units into SI units and vice versa is given in the Appendix.

Klappentext

This book is based on the authors' long standing experience in teaching astronomy courses. It presents in a modern and complete way our present picture of the physics of the Milky Way system. The first part of the book deals with topics of more empirical character, such as the positions and motions of stars, the structure and kinetics of the stellar systems and interstellar phenomena. The more advanced second part is devoted to the interpretation of observational results, i.e. to the physics of interstellar gas and dust, to stellar dynamics, to the theory of spiral structures and the dynamics of interstellar gas. Tailored for students and lecturers in related courses in astronomy, the book should be equally interesting for researchers working in other fields of physics and astronomy and, in particular, for the educated amateur astronomer.

Inhalt

1. Introductory Survey.- 1.1 The Stellar System.- 1.2 Interstellar Matter.- 1.3 Dynamics and Evolution.- 2. Positions, Motions and Distances of the Stars Concepts and Methods.- 2.1 Positions and Motions.- 2.2 Distances.- 3. Structure and Kinematics of the Stellar System.- 3.1 Apparent Distribution of the Stars.- 3.2 The Local Galactic Star Field.- 3.3 Large Scale Distribution of the Stars.- 3.4 Large Scale Motion of the Stars.- 3.5 General Summary, Stellar Populations.- 4. Interstellar Phenomena.- 4.1 The Generally Distributed Medium.- 4.2 Interstellar Clouds.- 5. Physics of the Interstellar Matter.- 5.1 Radiation in the Interstellar Gas.- 5.2 State of the Interstellar Gas.- 5.3 The Interstellar Dust Grains.- 5.4 Distribution and Motion of the Interstellar Matter.- 6. Dynamics of the Galaxy.- 6.1 Stellar Dynamics.- 6.2 Gravitational Theory of the Spiral Structure.- 6.3 Dynamics of the Interstellar Gas.- A. Fundamental Formulae for the Transformation of Astronomical Coordinates.- B. Energy States and Transitions of Molecules.- C. Charts for the Graphical Determination of Approximate Galactic Coordinates.- D. Excitation and Ionisation in the Thermo dynamical Equilibrium.- Astronomical and Physical Constants.- Latin Names of Constellations.- References.- Supplementary and Advanced Literature.- Sources of Tables.- Sources of Figures.