Drawing on contributions from an international group of more than forty established and emerging academics, this Handbook of the Late Ottoman Empire and the Modern Middle East presents an in-depth exploration of the scholarship that has recently emerged in the vibrant fields and subfields on the religious and ethnic communities and nation-states it covers. Within the broad rubric of political history, it tackles religion, gender, identity, social conditions, environment and histories from below, from peripheries and from borderlands.Divided into six sections with six to eight chapters in each, the volume guides the reader chronologically through transformations shaped by the empire''s political elite and stakeholders large and small: from Abdulhamid''s rule, the Constitutional period and the Great War to unmet milestones when new treaties determined the post-Ottoman Middle East for a century to come. Throughout, thematic chapters revise a linear vision of history. These diachronic explorations trace the long arc of issues such as environment or religiously defined communities, as well as shadows cast by the seismic shifts under study like refugee crises, demographic engineering, transnational revolutionaries and borderlanders, (re)imaginings of the caliphate and of eschatological futures, and the legacies and afterlives of treaties.Surveying the state of the art of the scholarship its interdisciplinary dimensions and future directions, and foregrounding the formative role of mass violence in the history of the region, this handbook serves as a reference to researchers, diplomats, students, and the general reader.>

Vorwort
With chronological and diachronic thematic chapters, this Handbook provides an overview of the key debates and approaches to the study of the Late Ottoman Empire, with an unprecedented focus on the formative role of mass violence in the period

Autorentext
Hans-Lukas Kieser is a historian of the late Ottoman Empire and Turkey at the University of Newcastle, Australia, and the University of Zurich, Switzerland. Khatchig Mouradian is a lecturer in Middle Eastern, South Asian, and African Studies at Columbia University, and the Armenian and Georgian Specialist at the Library of Congress. He is the author of the award-winning book The Resistance Network: The Armenian Genocide and Humanitarianism in Ottoman Syria, 1915-1918.

Klappentext
Drawing on contributions from fifty established and emerging academics, The I.B. Tauris Handbook of the Late Ottoman Empire explores the scholarship that has emerged in recent decades on the Late Ottoman period and its legacies. Seven chronological sections, featuring thirty-four chapters and eight supplementary essays, guides the reader from the late eighteenth century to the early twenty-first century. The first two sections cover the Ottoman Empire before the 1908 Young Turk Revolution. Section III addresses diachronic topics from Arab and Kurdish nationalism to missionaries and Zionism. Sections IV and V examine the post-1908 period, marked by the Young Turks' rise (specifically the Committee of Union and Progress), the Great War, and mass violence. Section VI discusses the post-Great War treaty system and its lasting impact, while Section VII explores post-Ottoman realities entangled with the late Ottoman legacy. The volume includes two bibliographies, a chronology of political events, and an incisive afterword on the state of the field. Surveying scholarship and its interdisciplinary dimensions, and highlighting mass violence as a formative force in the region's history, this handbook serves as a reference for researchers, diplomats, students, and general readers.

Inhalt

*List of Figures
List of Maps
Notes on Contributors
Acknowledgments*

Editors' Introduction

Hans-Lukas Kieser and Khatchig Mouradian

Section I. Late-Ottoman Coexistence: Reforms and Transformations in a Premodern Empire

Introduction
Reform in the Ottoman Empire: Reform of the Ottoman Empire?
Marc Aymes
The Rum in the Late Ottoman Empire
Merih Erol
Armenians in a Plural Late Ottoman Society
Varak Ketsemanian
Ottoman Jews during the Last Ottoman Century
Julia Phillips Cohen
The Muhajir: Muslim Displacement in the Last Ottoman Century
*Candan Badem

• Intervention: Late Ottoman Environmental History: State of the Field (or State of the Swamp)
  Samuel Dolbee

  Section II. Crises, Violence, and Revolutionism Introduction

  From the Ottoman to the Balkan: The Rise of the Nation-State's Modernity in Southeastern Europe
  *Dimitris Stamatopoulos

• Armed Forces under the Primacy of Politics: The Ottoman Army in the Nineteenth Century
  *Elke Hartmann
• Sultan Abdulhamid II: From Chaos to Autocracy
  *Edhem Eldem
• Varieties of Regional Mass Violence
  *Ümit Kurt and Owen Miller
• New Approaches to the Hamidian Massacres, 1894-97
  *Jelle Verheij and Owen Miller

• Intervention: The Gradual Disappearance of Slavery in the Late Ottoman Empire
  Hayri Gokshin Ozkoray

  Section III. Nationalism, Transnational Actors, and International Relations Introduction

  Genesis and Trajectory of Kurdish Nationalism towards the End of the Ottoman Empire
  *Metin Atmaca

• The Arab National Question at the End of the Ottoman Empire and its Afterlives
  *Seda Altug
• Palestine and Zionism during the Period of Abdulhamid II and the Young Turks
  *Louis Fishman
• Missionaries in the Late Ottoman Empire: A "Golden Age"?
  *Chantal Verdeil

• Intervention: Emigration from the Late Ottoman Empire: State of the Field
  Nora Lessersohn

  Section IV. The Constitutional Era: From the Ottoman Spring to Party Dictatorship**Introduction**

  The 1908 Young Turk Revolution: Enthusiasm and Realities
  *Dikran M. Kaligian

• Particularism vs Universalism: Ottomanism and Constitutionalism during the Second Constitutional Period
  *Banu Turnaoglu Açan
• From Parliamentarism to Party-State with "Special Organization": The Committee of Union and Progress, 1908-18
  *Erdal Kaynar
• Intra- and Inter-Communal Relationships in Palestine during the Last Years of Ottoman Rule, 1908-17
  *Yuval Ben-Bassat
• Race as Culture: The Constructions of Race in Formative Turkish Nationalism (1911-16)
  *Ümit Kurt and Dogan Gurpinar
• Intervention: Turkish Women's History in the Early Twentieth Century: An Overview of the Historiography
  *Elife Bicer-Deveci

• Select Bibliography: Gender in Turkish History

  Section V. Wars and Genocide Introduction

  The Balkan Wars, the First World War, and Ottoman Society
  *Yigit Akin

• The Armenian Genocide: An Overview
  *Khatchig Mouradian
• Assyrians and Pontic Greeks: Issues of Genocide
  *David Gaunt
• Dispossession of Christians in Asia Minor, 1914-23
  *Mehmet Polatel
• Wars in Anatolia and Commander-in-Chief Gazi Mustafa Kemal Pasha
  *Ahmet Demirel

• Intervention: Perception and Politics of the Kizilbash-Alevi in the Late and Post-Ottoman Periods: Ruptures and Continuities
  Yalcin Cakmak

  Section VI. Treaties and Their Defining Impact Introduction

  Treaty of Lausanne: The Birth Certificate of Republican Turkey in a Post-Ottoman Middle East
  *Hans-Lukas Kieser

• New States, New Borders, New Issues? The Kurds, 1918-38
  *Jordi Tejel
• Emerging Turkey and the League of Nations: Nationalist Internationalism
  *Carolin Liebisch-Gumus
• "Azniv Efendi, Where Were You Five Years Ago?" Nationalist Policies and the Precarious Situation of the Armenian Community in the Republic of Turkey
  *Ari Sekeryan

• Intervention: International Law and European Financial Control, 1854-1954: A Postcolonial Perspective on Ottoman Public Debt
  Ellinor Morack

  Section VII. The Quest for Belonging in the Post-Ottoman Space …