This volume is the completion of work initially planned several years ago as a compilation of selected aspects of the biological effects of fluorides. The first portion appeared in Volume XXII (1966) of this Handbuch, under the title "Pharmacology of Fluorides, Part 1. " Inasmuch as the present volume is an integral part of the original project, justification for offering it to the scientific community remains the same as that originally set forth. This may be recapitulated as follows. The tremendous increase in the annual production of fluorides over the amounts produced thirty years ago, together with the increased diversity of their uses has correspondingly increased the hazard associated with these materials. That is to say, the possibilities of encountering their characteristic toxic effects under the conditions of their use has increased because the variety, amounts and ways of usage have increased. Their inherent toxicity, of course has not changed, but the increased hazard has led to a vast increase in the amount and scope of research reported. It is the purpose of these volumes to review selected aspects of this literature. Rochester, N. Y. , February 1970 FRANK A. SMITH Acknowledgements Even the casual reader of this volume will soon realize that contributing authors, as well as those contributing to its predecessor, Volume XX/I, have made good use of tables of data, figures and pertinent quotations from previously published work.

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1: Methods of Analysis for Fluorine.- I. Introduction.- II. Methods of Sample Preparation.- III. Methods of Separation.- IV. The Detection of Fluoride.- V. The Determination of Fluoride.- VI. The Determination of Common Elements in Organic Fluorine Compounds.- References.- 2: Effect of Inorganic Fluoride on Enzymes.- I. General Introduction.- II. Enzymes, Inhibited by Fluoride, Requiring Metal Ions, and Whose Inhibition is Enhanced by Phosphate.- III. Enzymes, Inhibited by Fluoride, Requiring Divalent Metal Ions.- IV. Enzymes Inhibited by Fluoride; No Requirement for Metal Ions Demonstrated.- V. Enzymes, Inhibited by Fluoride, Containing Trivalent Metal Ions.- VI. Concluding Comments.- References.- 3: Changes in Cell Function Due to Inorganic Fluoride.- I. Introduction.- II. Effect of Fluoride on Metabolic Pathways.- III. Effects of Fluoride on Physical Activity of Cells.- IV. Effects of Fluoride on the Growth and Development of Cells in Tissue Culture.- V. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 4: Pharmacology of Sodium Fluoride.- I. Introduction.- II. Effect of Sodium Fluoride on Blood Pressure and the Heart.- III. Effect of Sodium Fluoride on the Gut.- IV. Effect of Sodium Fluoride on Respiration.- V. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 5: Fluoroamino Acids and Microorganisms.- I. Introduction.- II. Fluoroamino Acids and Cellular Microorganisms.- References.- 6: Fluorine-Containing Steroids.- I. Introduction.- II. Fluoro Steroids with Respect to Glucogenic, Anti-Inflammatory and Mineralocorticoid Effect.- III. Fluoro-Steroids with Respect to Gestagenic, Anti-Androgenic, Anti-Estrogenic, Anti-Ovulatory, and Anti-Gonadotrophic Effects.- IV.Fluoro-Steroids with Respect to Androgenic, Anabolic, Anti-Androgenic, Anti-Tumor and Anti-Gonadotropic Effect.- V. Fluoro-Steroids with Respect to Estrogenic, Hypocholesterolemic, Anti-Gonadotropic and Anti-Tumor Effects.- VI. Fluoro Steroids with Respect to Anti-Mineralocorticoid Effect.- VII. Anti-Cancer Effects of Fluoro Steroids.- VIII. Structure-Activity Relationships and Influence of Fluorination.- IX. Other Fluoro-Steroids.- References.- 7: Biological Properties of Selected Fluorine-Containing Organic Compounds.- I. Introduction.- II. The Carbon-Fluorine Bond.- III. Metabolism of Organic Fluoroeompounds.- IV. Biological Effects of Organic Compounds of Fluorine.- References.- Author Index.