Perfusionists are primarily known for supporting patients in the cardiac operating room, while on cardiopulmonary bypass. Over the last decade, perfusionists have expanded their expertise to include extracorporeal membrane oxygenation program development and management, ventricular assist device management, intra-aortic balloon counter pulsation, hemofiltration or dialysis during or post cardiac surgery, pacemaker rogramming, anticoagulation management of HIT-patients, isolated organ perfusion for chemotherapy, and blood gas management. Furthermore, there are additional responsibilities in catheterization laboratories, as well as in research studies and publications. While the roles and responsibilities of a perfusionist can vary from hospital to hospital, the complexity and variety of tasks performed require extensive training and ducation, both in theory and practice. This book is intended to serve as a comprehensive review for perfusionists, surgeons, anesthesiologists, pulmonologists, pediatricians, neonatologists, ICU nurses and ECMO specialists and we believe that it will help to enhance theoretical and practical knowledge and understanding for extracorporeal treatments.

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Editors and Authors Preface Rudolf Tschaut, Tami Rosenthal, Ashley Walczak, Molly Dreher Introduction to Extracorporeal Circulation in Theory and Practice Pedro J. del Nido 1 History of Perfusion The History of Extracorporeal Circulation Wolfgang Böttcher 2 Anatomy, Physiology and Interaction of Blood with Artificial Circuits Anatomy and Physiology of the Heart Juan Leon-Wyss, F. Vargas, S.P. Hoerstrup Blood and its Components Sergio Picardo, Mario Goracci Interactions of Blood with Artificial Surfaces in the Extracorporeal Circuit Sebastian Vogt, Dirk Troitzsch, Stefan Kasseckert, Adrian Bauer 3 Anesthesia, Hemodynamics and Acid-Base Management Anesthesia Considerations for Cardiopulmonary Bypass Steven Bartels, Kathirvel Subramaniam Hemodynamics Jørgen Gormsen, Hans Nygaard Monitoring of Cardiovascular Function and Hemodynamics During Extracorporeal Circulation Dirk Troitzsch, Sebastian Vogt, Søren Skov, J. Michael Hasenkam Acid-base Management During Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass Ervin everdija Basic Principles of Pharmacokinetics Hailey Collier, Kerry Mohrien 4 Interventions for Heart Disease Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Joshua C. Grimm, Wilson Y. Szeto Heart Valve Surgery in Adults Peter Chen, Stephanie Fuller Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) Harald C. Eichstaedt, Alexander Weymann Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Aortic Dissection Dirk Troitzsch, Sebastian Vogt, Georg Kleikamp, Reiner Körfer Heart, Heart-Lung and Lung Transplantation Dirk Troitzsch, J. Michael Hasenkam, Gero Tenderich, Reiner Körfer 5 Fluid Mechanics and Hypothermia Fluid Mechanical Aspects in Extracorporeal Circulation Hans Reul Hypothermia Robert A. Baker, Kenneth G. Shann 6 Materials and Coating Materials of Extracorporeal Circulation Thomas Göen, Frank Münch Coating of Artificial Surfaces Elena Barbara Anna Jost, Hans Peter Wendel 7 Extracorporeal Circulation Principles of the Heart-Lung Machine Molly Bryant, Allyson Aquino Pulsatile Flow During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Procedures Akif Ündar, Shigang Wang Oxygenators and Heat Exchangers D. Scott Lawson, Daniel Keller Tubing Systems for Cardiopulmonary Bypass Carole Hamilton, Denise Marin Cannulation Strategies for Extracorporeal Circulation Desiree K. Bonadonna, Richard J. Walczak Jr. Filter Technology in the Extracorporeal Circulation Molly Dreher, Tami Rosenthal, Ashley Walczak Surgical Incisions and Cannulation Techniques for Cardiopulmonary Bypass Rainer Moosdorf, Sebastian Vogt Practical Management of Extracorporeal Circulation Laura Dell'Aiera, Edward Darling, Jeffrey Riley 8 Myocardial Protection Myocardial Protection in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Christos Calaritis, Thomas Yeh Advanced Techniques for Myocardial Protection in Adults Linda B. Mongero, James R. Beck 9 Potential Complications of Cardiopulmonary Bypass Immune and Inflammatory Response after CPB Kristin C. Greathouse Cardiopulmonary Bypass and the Lung Christina Phelps The Effects of Cardiopulmonary Bypass on the Kidney Bernadette Chen, Eric A. Lloyd Neurologic Complications of Cardiopulmonary Bypass Melissa G. Chung Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia Devon Aganga 10 Blood Conservation Blood Management David C. Fitzgerald, Joseph J. Sistino Autotransfusion During Cardiac Surgery Molly Dreher 11 Dialysis and Hemofiltration A Brief Introduction into Hemodialysis Peter Kotanko, Vaibhav Maheshwari Special Aspects of Hemofiltration and Hemoperfusion Frank Münch Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) Applications for ECMO Lauren Anderson 12 Mechanical Circulatory Support and Pacemaker Use Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Courtney N. Thurman Mechanical Circulatory Support: Indications, Applications and Complications Christian Heim, M. Weyand, Rene Tandler Pacemakers & Implantable Defibrillators Harald C. Eichstaedt, Jerry Easo Synchronized Cardiac Support Christoph Liebetrau, Ivo Simundic, Autumn Lang, Holger Zorn, Alexander Ghanem 13 Congenital Heart Failure and Treatment Surgery for Congenital Malformations of the Heart Constantine D. Mavroudis, Michael Ibrahim Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Congenital Cardiac Surgery Elrina Joubert-Huebner Neuro Cerebral Monitoring During Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Marin Jacobwitz, Daniel Licht 14 Special Perfusion Techniques Use of Extracorporeal Systems (ECC, ECMO, ECLS) During Pregnancy Johannes Gehron Hyperthermic Chemoperfusion: HIPEC and HITHOC Christoph Benk, Andrea Proneth Accidental Hypothermia Ervin everdija Orthotopic Liver Transplantation Kristen Burton, Kathryn Gray Perfusion for Thoracic Aortic Surgery Marc Decarlo Isolated Ex-Vivo Organ Perfusion Rolf Klemm, Sven Maier, Christoph Benk 15 Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS) Techniques and Management Extracorporeal Life Support: Pediatric Respiratory and Cardiac Disease Julia Slovis, Anna Roberts, Todd J. Kilbaugh Extracorporeal Life Support: Neonatal Respiratory and Cardiac Disease K. Taylor Wild, Brian Wallace Gray, Marissa Brunetti, James T. Connelly, Natalie Rintoul Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal Thomas Bein Transport while on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Support Klayton W. Buckley, Berkeley E. Stevens, Thomas J. Preston Veno-arterial Extracorporeal Life Support for Adult Patients Desiree Bonadonna, Lynn McGugan 16 Tissue Engineering Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration Gustav Steinhoff, Julia Nesteruk, Paula Müller 17 Accidents during Extracorporeal Circulation Surgical Accidents During Extracorporeal Circulation Michael Mulvihill, Richard Walczak, Andrew J Lodge Technical Accidents During Extracorporeal Circulation Robert C. Groom 18 Emerging Technology CARL Controlled Automated Reperfusion of the Whole Body Christoph Benk, F. Beyersdorf, G. Trummer Collection of Formulas Alex Chappell Subject Index