5 TABLE I Average Reading Proficiency and Achievement Levels by RacelEthnicity Grades 4 8 and 12 1992 Reading Assessment Percentage of Student At or Above Percentage of Average Proficient Basic Below Basic Advanced I Students Proficiency I Grade 4 White 71 226 6 31 68 J2 69 16 193 0 Black 7 31 Hispanic 9 202 2 13 41 59 Asian/Pacific Islander 2 216 2 21 55 45 American Indian 2 208 2 15 50 50 Grade 8 70 White 268 3 34 77 23 Black 16 238 0 8 44 56 Hispanic 10 242 I 13 49 51 AsianlPacific Islander 3 270 6 38 77 23 American Indian 1 251 I 18 60 40 Grade 12 White 72 297 4 43 82 18 Black 15 272 0 16 54 46 9 277 Hispanic 1 21 61 39 Asian/Pacific Islander 4 291 4 39 74 26 American Indian 0 272 I 24 S2 48 Source: National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 1992 Reading Assessment. Reprinted from "NAEP 1992 Reading Report Card for the Nation and the States. " l be reading at the advanced level . A much higher percent of White Americans are performing at the proficient and advanced levels.

Zusammenfassung
Helps the reader understand contemporary equity issues in educational testing and assessment and to examine these issues in the context of educational reform. The book explores the factors that contribute to the gaps in student achievement along racial and social class lines, and offers ideas for improving the measurement of America's students.

Inhalt
I Identifying Equity Challenges in the Context of Ducational Testing and Assessment Reform.- 1. Introduction: The Pursuit of Equity in Educational Testing and Assessment.- 2. A Technological and Historical Consideration of Equity Issues Associated with Proposals to Change Our Nation's Testing Policy.- 3. Diversity, Assessment, and Equity in Educational Reform.- 4. Equity Issues in Performance-Based Assessment.- 5. Some Prerequisites for the Establishment of Equitable, Inclusive Multicultural Assessment Systems.- II Reforms in Assessment and Testing: Are New Practices Better and More Equitable?.- 6. Achieving Equity: Counting on the Classroom.- 7. Equity and Validity Considerations in the Design and Implemention of a Mathematics Performance Assessment: The Experience of the QUASAR Project.- 8. Performance-Based Assessments: Contributor or Detractor to Equity?.- 9. Equity and Excellence in Group-Administered and Performance-Based Assessments.- III Impact of Assessment Reforms at Three Levels: The Classroom, the State, and the Nation.- 10. Using New Forms of Assessment to Assist in Achieving Student Equity: Experiences of the CCSSO State Collaborative on Assessment and Student Standards.- 11. The Effect of Expectations on Achieving Equity in State-Wide Testing: Lessons from Massachusetts.- 12. Toward National Standards and Testing: The Educational Equity Imperative.- 13. Equity Issues in Teacher Assessment.- 14. Visions of Equity in National Assessment.