This book presents a series of numerical simulation studies of the earthquake generation process and the evaluation of the hazards caused by large earthquakes and tsunamis, drawn from three distinct topical areas. First, recent research results on earthquake source physics are introduced, which can be used as input for hazard evaluation studies. Then, propagation of seismic waves and tsunamis is discussed, connecting what happens at the source with the resulting damage. Finally, earthquake statistics for forecasting are discussed, a practical application of our knowledge for the mitigation of earthquake and tsunami disasters. This book is suitable for graduate students who are interested in the earthquake generation process and its application in the future. It also will serve researchers who want or need to know how to evaluate the damage due to earthquakes and tsunamis.

Presents recent research results on earthquake source physics Presents numerical simulation studies and the evaluation of the hazards caused by large earthquakes and tsunamis Addresses graduate students and researchers

Inhalt
Preface.- Origin of the Velocity-Strengthening Nature of Granular Friction.- Shear Band Formation in Numerical Simulations Applying a Continuum Damage Rheology Model.- Scale Effects in Simple Models for the Dynamics of Faults.- Finite Difference Simulations of Seismic Wave Propagation for the 2007 Mw 6.6 Niigata-ken Chuetsu-Oki Earthquake: Validity of Models and Reliable Input Ground Motion in the Near-Field.- High-Frequency Radiation from an Earthquake Fault: A Review and a Hypothesis of Fractal Rupture Front Geometry.- FDM Simulation of an Anomalous Later Phase from the Japan Trench Subduction Zone Earthquakes.- FDM Simulation of Seismic Waves, Ocean Acoustic Waves, and Tsunamis Based on Tsunami-Coupled Equations of Motion.- A Revised Evaluation of Tsunami Hazards along the Chinese Coast in View of the Tohoku-Oki Earthquake.- Optimization of Seismicity-Based Forecasts.- Statistical Variability and Tokunaga Branching of Aftershock Sequences Utilizing BASS Model Simulations.- Multi-Methods Combined Analysis of Future Earthquake Potential.- Effects of Location Errors in Pattern Informatics.- Retrospective Study on the Predictability of Pattern Informatics to the Wenchuan M8.0 and Yutian M7.3 Earthquakes.- Intermediate-Term Medium-Range Precursory Accelerating Seismicity Prior to the 12 May 2008, Wenchuan Earthquake.- Aftershock Statistics of the 1999 ChiChi, Taiwan Earthquake and the Concept of Omori Times.- New Progress in LURR-Integrating with the Dimensional Method.- Failure Potential Evaluation in Engineering Experiments Using Load/Unload Response Ratio Method.