This book features carefully selected research papers presented during the 9th International Conference on Discrete Mathematics and Mathematical Modelling in the Digital Era (ICDMMMDE-2023). The conference, organised at the Department of Mathematics, The Gandhigram Rural Institute in Gandhigram, Tamil Nadu, India, took place from 2325 March 2023. Serving as a dynamic platform, the event attracted emerging researchers, mathematicians, industrialists, scientists, and engineers from across the globe, fostering discussions on pertinent research topics. This volume showcases noteworthy contributions from esteemed researchers within the realm of discrete mathematics and mathematical modeling, meticulously subjected to a rigorous peer-review process for publication. The included papers delve into diverse subjects, including controllability, image processing, topology, graph theory, fuzzy delay differential equations, analysis, queuing theory, and applications in networks and biology. Theculmination of these contributions forms a comprehensive and authoritative resource for scholars and professionals alike.

Features selected research papers on discrete mathematics and mathematical modelling Includes diverse topics on controllability, image processing, topology, graph theory, queuing theory and biology Showcases contributions from esteemed researchers within the realm of discrete mathematics and mathematical modeling

Autorentext

P. Balasubramaniam is ****Professor ****at the Department of Mathematics, the Gandhigram Rural Institute, Gandhigram, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India. He received Ph.D. in Mathematics in 1994 in the area of control theory from Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India and D.Sc. in the year 2022 in the same area at the Gandhigram Rural Institute. His research interest includes stochastic fractional systems, image processing and stability analysis. He received awards including TANSA (in 2005), Senior Scientist (in 2018), the Mid-Career Award (in 2019), and is recognized among the top 2% of scientists by Stanford University in the field of artificial intelligence and image processing, U.S.A., from 2020 to till date. He is one of the best scientists in the field of mathematics as well as in the field of electronics and electrical engineering respectively with the national rank of 3 and 7. 

P. Raveendran is Professor at the School of Information Technology, Monash University, Malaysia. Earlier, he worked briefly as System Designer at Daktronics, South Dakota, before joining as Lecturer at the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya (UM), in 1986. He also worked as Professor at the Institute of Computer Science and Digital Innovation, UCSI University, Malaysia, from 2019-2021. He obtained both his bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering from South Dakota State University, U.S.A, in 1984 and 1985, respectively. In 1994, he obtained his Doctor of Engineering for his research in image processing and neural network from the University of Tokushima, Japan. He retired from UM in 2018 and later was employed as Honorary Professor at the Department of Electrical Engineering at UM until 2024. His research and teaching interests have been in the areas of image and video analysis, analysis and applications of EEG signals, machine learning algorithms and soft computing.

**G. Mahadevan **is Associate Professor at the Department of Mathematics, at the Gandhigram Rural Institute, Gandhigram, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India. He received ****his Ph.D. in Mathematics, in 2005, in the area of graph theory at Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India. With more than 29 years of teaching and research experience including Head of the Department of Mathematics at Anna University of Technology, Tirunelveli, his research area is discrete mathematics especially graph theory, networks and domination theory. With more than 170 research articles published in many international and national journals, he has served as Guest Editor for special issues of some of the reputed journals. He received several national and international awards. Associated Editor of the *International Journal of *Applied Graph Theory, he has served as reviewer for many international/national journals. He has written four textbooks: A Textbook of Calculus and three on engineering mathematics. He delivered plenty of invited talks as resource person in various international/national conferences organized by many universities and colleges in India and aboard.

K. Ratnavelu is the Founder Director of the Institute of Computer Science and Digital Innovations at UCSI University, Malaysia. He served as Deputy-Dean, Science and Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Development), and Head of UM Strategic Planning Unit, University of Malaya, Malaysia. He was involved in the HIR Program at the University of Malaya. He received his Ph.D. in atomic physics from Flinders University, Australia, with a Flinders Scholarship, in 1990. He is Council Member of the Association of Asia-Pacific Physical Societies (2016-2019, 2020-2023). He received the 19th Fellow of Persatuan-Sains-Matematik Malaysia (2018) and the Malaysian Toray Science Foundation Science and Technology Award (2004). His research interest is theoretical atomic collision processes, social networks, and stability theory.

Inhalt

B. Ram Kumar, P. Balasubramaniam and Kurunathan Ratnavelu, The Approximate Controllability of the Second-Order Hilfer Fractional Integrodifferential Equations via Measure of Non-Compactness.- R. Vijay Aravind, P. Balasubramaniam and Mahyar Mahinzaeim, Fuzzy Fault Tolerant Controller Design for Switched Nonlinear Systems via Mode-Dependent Average Dwell Time Scheme.- K. Ezhilarasan, S. Praveenkumar, K. Somasundaram, T. Kalaiselvi, S. Kiruthika and A. Jeevarekha, A Novel Distance Transform for Brain Extraction From T1 Weighted MRI of Human Head Scans.- R. Uthayakumar and J. Grace Margrate Mary, Some Fixed-Point Theorems in Asymmetric Strong B-Metric Space.- L. Praveenkumar, G. Mahadevan, C. Sivagnanam and Sanjay K. Tyagi, Explicating the Exact CD Value for the Tensor Product of Graphs.- V. P. Ananthi and Vetri Kandasamy, Automated Edge Detection Technique using Fractional Mask in Fuzzy Domain.- K. Priya, G. Mahadevan, C. Sivagnanam and Sanjay Kumar Tyagi, CTATD Number for Power Graph of Some Special Graphs and Tadpole Graph.- W. Evangeline Lydia and J. Vijaya Xavier Parthipan, Restrained Star Edge Coloring of Cartesian Product of Some Graphs.- G. B. Priyanka, J. Catherine Grace John and P. Xavier, Divisor 2-Equitable Dominatio in Fuzzy Graphs.- C. K. Akhil and Suresh G. Singh, Graph Theoretical Analysis of Endomorphin.- Ch. Subba Reddy, T. L. Yookesh, Renuka Kolandasamy and K.S. Keerthika, An Analysis of the Convergence of Numerical Method for Solving the Fuzzy Delay Differential Equation.- X. M. Jeffin Varunnya and P. Gnanachandra, Invariant Points For Kannan Contraction and Reich Type Contraction in Strong Altering JS-Metric.- S. Nivetha Therasal and M. Thiagarajan, Poisson Input and Exponential Service Time Finite Population Interdependent Queueing Model Having Parallel Servers with Breakdown and Controllable Arrival Rates.- K.H. Rahim and M. Thiagarajan, M/M (a, b) /1/K/N Controlled Arrival Rate and Interdependent Queueing Model.- D. Jeba Ebenezer and J. Vijaya Xavier Parthipan, Secure Detour Domination.- S. Sharmila Banu and A. Prasanna, Solving Fuzzy Congruence Modulo Transportation Problem using Bipartite Graph with Optimal Solution.- S. Priya and B. Ganga, Slip Effects on MHD Boundary Layer Flow Over a Poignant Tinny Needle with Thermal Radiation and Viscous Dissipation.- R. Karthika and N. Mohanapriya, Dissimilarity between Dominator and Total Dominator Coloring of Certain Graphs.