Progress in the numerical simulation of turbulence has been rapid in the 1990s. New techniques both for the numerical approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations and for the subgrid-scale models used in large-eddy simulation have emerged and are being widely applied for both fundamental and applied engineering studies, along with novel ideas for the performance and use of simulation for compressible, chemically reacting and transitional flows.
This collection of papers from the second ERCOFTAC Workshop on Direct and Large-Eddy Simulation, held in Grenoble in September 1996, presents the key research being undertaken in Europe and Japan on these topics. Describing in detail the ambitious use of DNS for fundamental studies and of LES for complex flows of potential and actual engineering importance, this volume will be of interest to all researchers active in the area.

Inhalt
Jets.- Direct Numerical Simulations of the Free, Unsteady, Round, Unforced Jet at Low Reynolds Numbers.- Large Eddy Simulation of a Planar Co-Flowing Jet.- Amplified Frequencies in the Proximal Region of a Circular Jet.- Large-Eddy Simulations of Three-Dimensional Spatially-Developing Round Jets.- Subgrid Models and Homogeneous Turbulence.- Noncommuting Filters and Dynamic Modelling for LES of Turbulent Compressible Flow in 3D Shear Layers.- Development of a Filtering Operation for Dynamic SGS Model Using the Finite Element Method.- Investigation of the Self -Consistency of the Smagorinsky Constant and the Value of the Rotta Parameter at High Reynolds Numbers.- Some Investigations on the Sensitivity of Large Eddy Simulation.- A Comparison of Low-Order DNS, High-Order DNS and LES.- Subgrid-Scale Model of Scalar Mixing for Large Eddy Simulations of Turbulent Flows.- Separated Flows and Transition.- Turbulent Simulation of a Flat Plate Boundary Layer and Near Wake.- Simulation of Laminar Separation Bubble Instabilities.- Large-Eddy Simulation of Separated Boundary Layer Transition.- Thermal and Compressible Flows.- LES of Turbulent Thermal Convection.- Large Eddy Simulations of Stratified Atmospheric Flows within a Deep Valley.- Pressure and Dilatation Effects in High-Speed Turbulence.- Wall Flows and Channel Flows.- Breakdown of a Crossflow Vortex in a Three-Dimensional Boundary Layer.- Intense Viscous Dissipation Events and the Vorticity Field in Near-Wall Turbulence.- On the Mechanism of Attenuation of Turbulence by Spanwise Wall Oscillation.- Simulation and Modelling of the Skew Response of Turbulent Channel Flow to Spanwise Flow Deformation.- Influence of a Spanwise Rotation upon the Coherent-Structure Dynamics in a Turbulent Channel Flow.- Direct Numerical Simulationof Turbulent Channel Flow with Particles.- Complex Flows.- Direct Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Obstacle Flow.- Non-Unique Solutions in Turbulent Curved Pipe Flow.- Large Eddy Simulation of Two Dimensional and Rectangular Impinging Jets.- LES Prediction of Gas Diffusion near Building using Dynamic Mixed SGS Model Based on a Composite Grid System.- Reacting Flows, Combustion.- On the Extension of the Dynamic Modelling Procedure to Turbulent Reacting Flows.- Subgrid-Scale Segregation of Chemically Reactive Species in a Neutral Boundary Layer.- Dynamic Subgrid PDF Modeling for Nonpremixed Turbulent Combustion.- Direct Numerical Simulation Analysis of the G-Equation in Premixed Combustion.- Autoignition of Nonpremixed Turbulent Mixtures : Partially Premixed Combustion.- Two-Dimensional Direct Numerical Simulations of Turbulent Diffusion Flames Using Detailed Chemistry.- Flow past a Square Cylinder : Test Case LES2.- Flow past a Square Cylinder : test case LES2.- Computed Test Case : Square Cylinder.- Fourth-Order DNS of Flow past a Square Cylinder : First Results.- LES Analysis of Turbulent Flow past a Square Cylinder Using Various SGS Models.- LES of Flow over a Square Cylinder.- LES of Flow around a Square Cylinder.- LES of Flow past a Square Cylinder Using Embedded Meshes.- Numerical Analysis of LES of Flow past a Long Square Cylinder.