As desired, the infonnation demand correspondence is single valued at equilibrium prices. Hence no planner is needed to assign infonnation allocations to individuals. Proposition 4. For any given infonnation price system p E . P (F *), almost every a E A demands a unique combined infonnation structure (although traders may be indifferent among partial infonnation sales from different information allocations, etc. ). In particular, the aggregate excess demand correspondence for net combined infonnation trades is a continuous function. Proof Uniqueness fails only if an agent can obtain the same expected utility from two or more net combined infonnation allocations. If this happens, appropriate slight perturbations of personal probability vectors destroy the equality unless the utility functions and wealth allocations were independent across states. Yet, when utilities and wealths don't depend on states in S, no infonnation to distinguish the states is desired, so that the demand for such infonnation structures must equal zero. To show the second claim, recall that if the correspondence is single valued for almost every agent, then its integral is also single valued. Finally, note that an upper hemicontinuous (by Proposition 2) correspondence which is single valued everywhere is, in fact, a continuous function. [] REFERENCES Allen, Beth (1986a). "The Demand for (Differentiated) Infonnation"; Review of Economic Studies. 53. (311-323). Allen, Beth (1986b). "General Equilibrium with Infonnation Sales"; Theory and Decision. 21. (1-33). Allen, Beth (1990). "Infonnation as an Economic Commodity"; American Economic Review. 80. (268-273).

Klappentext

This volume collects the best work representative of the theory of decision making under risk and uncertainty. Thirteen articles present extensions and alternatives to expected utility theory explaining behavior in and out of the laboratory, including activity in financial markets, crimes of passion, and the Ellsberg paradox. br/ These contributions on the theory of individual behavior are complemented by five studies reporting the design, execution, and implications of experiments that test alternative theories. Finally, the implications of the interaction of individuals under risk and uncertainty in markets and negotiation are explored in ten papers. Throughout, the approach taken reflects the multidisciplinary nature of the research. br/ The contributors include economists, psychologists, statisticians, and management scientists, each writing to make their work critically comprehensible to the wider audience. br/

Inhalt
I. Expected Utility Theory: Extensions.- Nontransitive Preferences and Normative Decision Theory.- Healthy Scepticism as an Expected-Utility Evolution of the Ellsberg Paradox.- Intertemporal Risk-Aversion and Calibration Uncertainty May Explain Violations of the Independence Axiom.- Decision Versus Policy: An Expected Utility Resolution of the Ellsberg Paradox.- Comparative Statics for Endogenous Risk.- Deterministic Transformations: Some Comparative Statistics Results.- Defining the Mean-Preserving Spread: 3-PT Versus 4-PT.- II. Expected Utility Theory: Alternatives.- A Descriptive Model and a Decision Technique.- Risk Aversion Measures with Expected and Non-Expected Utility.- Linear Lexicographic State-Depended Utility.- On the Foundations of Decision Making Under Partial Information.- The Bayesian Model of Conditional Preference and Trade Under Uncertainty.- Consumption Style as Choice Under Risk Static Choice, Dynamic Irrationality and Crimes of Passion.- III. Evidence from Experiments.- The Effect of Explicit Probability Estimates on Violations of Subjective Expected Utility Theory in the Allais Paradox.- Testing Alternative Representations of Behavior Under Uncertainty.- Generic Utility: Measurements of Risk Functions and their Robustness.- Studies on Judgmental Probability Forecasting.- Risk Attitude, Strength of Preference and Relative Risk Attitude: An Assessment with Multiple Indicators.- IV. Information, Learning and Equilibrium.- A Simple Model of Partial Information Exchange Among Individuals with Different Subjective Probabilities.- Tests for a Reservation Wage Effect.- Market Uncertainty and Belief Formation with a Finite Number of Events.- Arbitrage, Rationality, and Equilibrium.- Adaptive Behavior in Games.- An Experimental Investigation of Focal Pointsin Coordination and Bargaining: Some Preliminary Results.- Some Versions of Newcomb's Problem are Prisoners' Dilemmas.- Foundations for the Theory of Rational Choice with Vague Priors.- Public Knowledge About Indoor Radon: The Effects of Risk Communication.- Risk Perceptions and Risk Taking in the Presence of Multiple Risks.