Cities between Competitiveness and Cohesion

European cities have for decades found themselves in a phase of important changes. Concomitantly multi-level and multi-actor policy processes have unfolded in the EU. Sub-national governments are facing new challenges as their manufacturing industry withers away, still more responsibility for matching the globalisation ch- lenges such as welfare, employment and general social improvements are tra- ferred from national to sub-national levels. This raises speci?c governance problems for city regions in their attempt to meet the demand from the emerging knowled- based society. Yet, no city or city region exists in a vacuum; they are all embedded in national settings with speci?c structures and traditions as well as different p- ceptions of challenges, needs and solutions. It appears that a general, neoliberal discourse has conquered the political agenda during the last one or two decades: That economic regeneration requires increasing competitiveness achieved by - forced stress on knowledge intensive industries, which itself needs more and better education. However, the implementation of such a strategy has many forms and the realities are often quite a step from the intended outcome. During the last three years, a group of about forty people has met regularly across Europe to develop the ideas as originally presented in the Memorandum of Und- standing, setting the agenda for the analysis of preconditions, strategies and o- comes among different cities in their effort to reconcile welfare and growth.

Cross-European analysis of urban and regional strategies of reconciling welfare and competitiveness Developing an understanding of the strategy challenge to reconcile competitiveness with cohesion Analysis of cities and regions as actors in multi-level governance settings European comparative view on housing, labour markets, enterprises European comparative view on ethnical issues, gender dimensions European comparative view on urban development projects, transport, sustainability

Klappentext

The book is the result of a COST Action financed by the European Science Foundation. It analyses the key concepts, ideas and processes driving competitiveness and cohesion agendas across Europe and demonstrates the implications and the effects of contemporary urban regeneration policies and politics in Europe. The case study material ensures that an in depth understanding of policy processes is conveyed to readers, and attention is drawn to the problems and paradoxes of policy, but also to the possibilities for policy innovation and learning across national and disciplinary borders. The material a.o. studies the cities of Amsterdam, Antwerp, Athens, Bratislava, Istanbul, Maribor, London, Rotterdam, Vienna, and Zurich. Specific policy fields which are looked at relate to housing, labour markets, enterprises, integration of ethnical groups, urban regeneration, or transport. The book shows that spatial and urban policy continues to be a key site of policy intervention and experimentation. Different national welfare systems, political cultures, and socio-economic conditions combine and recombine to address policy problems and opportunities. Collectively, the authors argue that the examined policy initiatives reflect and reproduce these broader changes and shifting ways of thinking about the appropriate relationships between citizens, businesses, and the state.

Inhalt
Discourses and Conceptualizations of Competitiveness and Cohesion.- Cities Between Competitiveness and Cohesion: Discourses, Realities and Implementation Introduction.- Competitiveness and Cohesion: A Janus Head? Some Conceptual Clarifications.- Analyzing the Competitiveness of Cities and Regions.- Are Entrepreneurial Cities More Successful? Empirical Evidence from 50 German Cities.- Competitiveness and Cohesion in the Spanish Provinces: A Territorial Approach.- Globalizing Urban Economies and Social Inequality: An Empirical Assessment. The Case of Amsterdam and Rotterdam.- The Conditional Nature of Relations Between Competitiveness, Social Cohesion and Spatial Inequalities: The Evidence from Istanbul.- Detecting Social Cohesion in Cities and Regions.- Immigration and the Spatial (Dis)Equilibrium of Competitiveness Cohesion in Athens.- Labour Migration and Social Cohesion Some Empirical Evidence from Vienna.- From Survival to Competition? The Socio-Spatial Evolution of Turkish Immigrant Entrepreneurs in Antwerp.- Maribor Housing Strategies in a Slovenian City Linking Competitiveness with Social Cohesion.- Practice of the Competitiveness and Cohesion Discourse in Urban and Regional Development.- Sustainable Urban Regeneration in a Global City The Regeneration of Paddington Basin.- Finnish Urban Districts New Actors in Multi-Level Governance.- Reconciling Competitiveness and Social Cohesion in Urban Regions The Role of Transport Policy.- Positioning Bratislava in an Emerging Cross-Border Metropolitan Area.- Reconciling Competitiveness and Cohesion Conclusions.- Conclusions Competitiveness and Cohesion: One Discourse, Multiple Realities and New Challenges for Policy and Research.