This book offers a clear introduction to the key theoretical concepts needed to explore modern research topics in quantum fluids, with a particular focus on solitons and vortices. It is designed for graduate students and junior researchers, who want to build the foundation required to engage with current work in the field.

The text begins with a brief historical overview before moving on to particle statistics, weakly interacting condensates and their dynamics, and both linear and nonlinear excitationsincluding solitons and vortices. It also covers superfluid helium and the physics of quantum turbulence.

This second edition expands and updates the material to reflect major developments in the last decade. New chapters introduce readers to two-component condensates, dipolar condensates, quantum droplets and supersolids, vortex reconnections, and modern studies of quantum turbulence. The distinction between two-dimensional and three-dimensional turbulence is now treated explicitly, together with comparisons between classical (ordinary-fluid) turbulence and quantum turbulence.

As with the first edition, each chapter includes exercises. This edition also provides complete solutions at the end of the book, making it well suited for self-study or course adoption.

Offers a concise and pedagogical introduction to the fundamental theoretical framework of quantum fluids Includes new chapters on two-component condensates, dipolar and polariton condensates, vortex reconnections, and turbulence Comes with exercises and book-end solutions designed to help readers master the subject

Autorentext

Carlo F. Barenghi is Professor of Fluid Dynamics at Newcastle University. His current interests are vortex dynamics in the superfluid interior of neutron stars and the comparison between turbulence in quantum fluids (e.g. superfluid helium, atomic Bose-Einstein condensates), and turbulence in ordinary (classical) fluids. He has written more than 230 papers in classical fluid dynamics (including astrophysical magneto-hydrodynamics) and in superfluidity, particularly on the dynamics of vortex lines; his papers have attracted more than 10000 citations. He is a member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Low Temperature Physics and has been elected Fellow of the Institute of Physics and of the American Physics Society. Thomas Bland is a researcher at Lund University working with Prof. Stephanie Reimann on the theory of ultracold molecules and their applications in quantum technology. He completed his PhD under the supervision of Prof. Nick Parker, focusing on solitons and vortices in dipolar quantum gases. Following this, he undertook a postdoctoral position with Prof. Nick Proukakis, where he investigated atomtronics—harnessing the properties of quantum gases for technological applications. More recently, Dr. Bland worked with the experimental teams led by Prof. Francesca Ferlaino, contributing to the theoretical modelling and understanding of the supersolid phase of matter. His work has played a key role in seminal observations of vortices in dipolar superfluids and supersolids. Additionally, he has made theoretical predictions on novel multi-component bulk supersolids and explored connections between the dipolar supersolid phase and the inner structure of neutron stars. Nick G. Parker is Professor of Theoretical Physics and Applied Mathematics. He has worked on the theoretical understanding and computational modelling of quantum fluids for over 20 years and in collaboration with leading groups such as in Melbourne (Australia), Durham (UK), Hamilton (Canada), Trento (Italy) and Sao Paolo (Brazil). His early work focussed on solitons, vortices and turbulence in quantum fluids, later extending to dipolar and two-component quantum fluids, and most recently including quantum droplets, beyond mean-field physics and applications of machine learning to quantum fluids. As well as his activities in quantum fluids, Nick has parallel research activities in mathematical modelling of biological and ecological systems such as the spread of tree disease and the cultivation of stem cells.

Inhalt

Introduction.- Classical and Quantum Ideal Gases.- Gross-Pitaevskii Model of the Condensate.- Waves and Solitons.- Superfluid Helium.- Vortices and Rotation.- Two-component, Dipolar and Polariton Condensates.- Quantum droplets.- Vortex dynamics in two and three dimensions.- Two-dimensional turbulence.- Three dimensional turbulence.- Appendix A: Simulating the 1D GPE with Matlab.- Appendix B: Simulating the 2D GPE with Python.- Subject index.