The accumulation of large amounts of ash from fossil fuel combustion for electric power generation is becoming a major environmental concern in the United States. Fur thermore, stringent environmental requirements mandated by the Environmental Pro tection Agency including the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act as well as state and local environmental regulations may result in even more ash production with subsequent contact with the environment. The concentrations of trace elements in coal residues are extremely variable and depend on the composition of the original coal, conditions during combustion, the efficiency of emission control devices, storage and handling of by-products, and climate. The research papers in this book were presented as a part of the Fourth Interna tional Conferenceon theBiogeochemistryofTrace Elements heldat Clark-KerrCampus, University of California at Berkeley, California during June 1997. The purpose of the conference was to present current knowledge on the sources, pathways, behavior and effects of trace elements in soils, waters, plants and animals. In addition, the book also includes invited research papers from scientists who have done significant research work in the area of coal and coal combustion byproducts. All the research paper presented herein have been subjected to peer review.

Zusammenfassung
The research papers in this book present current knowledge of the sources, pathways, behavior, and effects of trace elements in soils, waters, plants, and animals. It is of interest to a variety of readers, including public health and environmental professionals, consultants, and academicians.

Inhalt

1. Coal Combustion Product (CCP) Production and Use: Survey Results.- Environmental Effects from Power Plants.- 2. Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Residue: Potential Applications and Environmental Issues.- 3. Environmental Aspects of Power Plants Fly Ash Utilization in Deep Coal Mine Workings.- 4. Coal Ash from Thermal Power Plants in Finland: A Review.- 5. Environmental Behavior of Power Plants Fly Ash containing FGD Solids Utilized in Deep Coal Mines.- Trace Elements in Size-Density Fractionated Fly Ashes and Ash Utilization.- 6. Trace Elements in Indian Coal and Coal Fly Ash.- 7. Concentrations and Distribution of Major and Selected Trace Elements in Size-Density Fractionated Fly Ashes.- 8. Coal Fly Ash Chemistry and Carbon Dioxide Infusion Process to Enhance Its Utilization.- 9. Evaluation of Coal Combustion Products as Components in Disturbed Land Reclamation by the Baker Soil Test.- 10. The Revival of a Failed Constructed Wetland Treating a High Fe Load AMD.- Transport and Leachability of Metals From Coal and Ash Piles.- 11. Leaching of Metals from Soils Amended with Fly Ash and Organic Byproducts.- 12. Effects of Fly Ash and Sewage Sludge Amendments on Transport of Metals in Different Soils.- 13. The Use of Cyclonic Ashes of Fluidized Bed Burning of Coal Mine Refuse for Long-Term Immobilization of Metals in Soils.- 14. Impact of Coal Pile Leachate and Fly Ash on Soil and Groundwater.- 15. Contaminant Mobility in Soil Columns Amended with Fly Ash and Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum.- Use of Coal Ash for Plant Growth.- 16. Nickel, Lead, Cadmium, and Chromium Concentrations in Shoots of Maize Grown in Acidic Soil Amended with Coal Combustion Byproducts.- 17. Fly Ash-Borne Arsenic in the Soil-Plant System.- 18. Effect of Rock Phosphate on Arsenic Uptake from Fly Ash Treated Mine Soil.- 19. Citrus Tree Growth and Fruit Production Response to Flue-Gas Desulfurization Gypsum Amendment in Sandy Soils.- 20. A Review of Selenium Uptake, Transformation, and Accumulation by Plants with Particular Reference to Coal Fly Ash Landfills.- About the Editors.