The African Origins of Democracy challenges the myth that democracy was born in ancient Greece. Drawing on archaeology, anthropology, and political science, Bernd Reiter shows that egalitarian African societies practiced self-rule tens of thousands of years earlierand that these traditions spread outward through migration and exchange. At the heart of the book is Botswana, where dikgotla village assembliesstill embody living democracy today. Bold and provocative, this book rewrites democracy's story, centering Africa as its birthplace and urging us to imagine futures beyond elite-driven representative systems.

Argues that pre-colonial African society was much more democratic than has been previously allowed Offers a general prehistory of democracy from a political science rather than anthropological angle Seeks to inspire those who fight for democracy today

Autorentext

Bernd Reiter is a political scientist and a professor of Luso-Latin American Studies for the Department of Classical and Modern Languages and Literatures at Texas Tech University, USA. He served as a Fulbright Distinguished Chair of Public Policy and as a Fulbright Specialist in Brazil, as well as a Erasmus Mundus Visiting Professor at the Barcelona Institute for International Studies. In 2020-21, he was a research associate at the Afro Latin American Research Institute at Harvard University. From 2018 to 2020, he was the director of the Institute for the Study of Latin America and the Caribbean, at the University of South Florida. He is the editor of the Routledge Decolonizing the Classics Special Book Series and a section editor-in-chief for the journal Social Sciences .

Klappentext

It is a rare experience to see a new idea develop on the page before your eyes. Bernd Reiter achieves this feat when he shows the life of democracy in Africa before "democracy" emerged in Greece. His reliance on not just the literature but empirical research on the ground marks Reiter as a refreshing voice with many new ideas to share. If you care about the history of democracy, you must read The African Origins of Democracy.

Stephen Stockwell is a Professor Emeritus of Journalism and Communication at Griffith University, Australia.

Bernd Reiter rewrites the history of democracy. Assembling historical scholarly evidence from numerous hunter gatherer societies as well as from contemporary Botswana, he shows that not only is the claim of the Greek origins of democracy a Eurocentric myth, but that throughout history egalitarian political systems practicing forms of direct democracy have existed, revealing a simple truth: people are able to rule themselves without elected representatives.

Aram Ziai is a Professor of Development and Postcolonial Studies at the University of Kassel, Germany.

The African Origins of Democracy challenges the myth that democracy was born in ancient Greece. Drawing on archaeology, anthropology, and political science, Bernd Reiter shows that egalitarian African societies practiced self-rule tens of thousands of years earlier—and that these traditions spread outward through migration and exchange. At the heart of the book is Botswana, where dikgotla—village assemblies—still embody living democracy today. Bold and provocative, this book rewrites democracy’s story, centering Africa as its birthplace and urging us to imagine futures beyond elite-driven representative systems.

Bernd Reiter is a political scientist and a professor of Luso-Latin American Studies for the Department of Classical and Modern Languages and Literatures at Texas Tech University, USA. He is the editor of the Routledge Decolonizing the Classics Special Book Series and a section editor-in-chief for the journal Social Sciences. His work focuses on democracy, race, and decolonization.

Inhalt

GLOSSARY.-ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.-DEDICATION.-CHAPTER 1.-INTRODUCTION.-TRUE DEMOCRACY.-A COUNTER HISTORY.-LEARNING FROM BOTSWANA.-THE AFRICAN ORIGINS OF DEMOCRACY.-HUNTER-GATHERER EGALITARIANISM.-THE NEED TO LOOK FOR POSSIBILITIES BEYOND REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY.-POLITICAL SCIENCE EXPANDED.-METHOD.-INSTITUTIONS.-PLAN OF THIS BOOK.-CHAPTER 2.-LIMITING GREECE AND EXPANDING THE CLASSICS.-DEMOCRACY'S IMMACULATE CONCEPTION IN ATHENS AND ROME?.-DEMOCRATIC THEORY.-GREEK DEMOCRACY.-SOLON.-CLEISTHENES.-EPHIALTES.-THE ROMAN REPUBLIC.-BEYOND ATHENS AND ROME.-CRETE.-CONCLUSION.-CHAPTER 3.-DEMOCRATIC HISTORY AND PRE-HISTORY AGAINST THE GRAIN.-DEMOCRACY AND THE STATE.-

CIVILIZATION.-WHERE EQUALITY ENDS.-ADVANCING CIVILIZATION.- KILLING NATIVES AND THEIR DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS.-ONLY TRIBES WILL SURVIVE (VINE DELORIA).-THE TIMELINE.-EGALITARIANISM.-CONCLUSION.-CHAPTER 4.-KGOTLA'S ANCIENT ROOTS.-HUNTER GATHERER EGALITARIANISM AND DIRECT DEMOCRACY.-TSWANA HISTORY AND PREHISTORY.-THE NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION.-COLONIAL BECHUANALAND.-HUNTER-GATHERERS IN BOTSWANA.-AFRICAN COMMUNOCRACIES.-PRECOLONIAL KGOTLA .-CONCLUSION.-CHAPTER 5.-KGOTLA DEMOCRACY TODAY.-DEMOCRACY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA.-WHAT MAKES A CUSTOM CUSTOMARY?.-CONCLUSION.-Chapter 6.-Women as Democratic Champions.-THE AMAZONS.-WOMEN IN PRE-COLONIAL BOTSWANA.-IMPLICATIONS FOR WOMEN AND RULE.-CONCLUSION.-CHAPTER 7.-OUT OF AFRICA: SOME POSSIBILITIES ABOUT KNOWLEDGE TRANSMISSION AFRICA.-OUT OF AFRICA .-NUBIA AND EGYPT BEFORE THE PHARAOHS.-THE MEDITERRANEAN.-GÖBEKLI TEPE.-ÇATALHÖYÜK.-'MINOAN' CRETE.-THE PHOENICIANS.-CONCLUSION.-GENERAL CONCLUSIONS.-DEMOCRATIC HEROES.-A NEW HISTORY OF DEMOCRACY.-DEMOCRATIC GREECE AND ROME SEEN UNDER A NEW LIGHT DIKGOTLA.-DEMOCRACY'S JOURNEY NORTH .-MODERNITY AND TRIBES.-THE CLASSICS RECONSIDERED.-THE NEW BIG PICTURE.-THE NEED TO LOOK BEYOND REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY .-LIMITATIONS.-BIBLIOGRAPHY.