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Autorentext

ABOUT THE AUTHOR Ben Piper is an IT consultant who has created more than 20 training courses, covering Cisco routing and switching, Amazon Web Services, Puppet configuration management, and Windows Server Administration. He is the co-author of AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner Study Guide: Foundational (CLF-C01) Exam, AWS Certified Solutions Architect Study Guide: Associate (SAA-C01) Exam, AWS Certified SysOps Administrator Practice Tests: Associate (SOA-C01) Exam, and Learn Cisco Network Administration in a Month of Lunches.

Inhalt

Introduction xxi

Assessment Test xxviii

Chapter 1 Networking Fundamentals 1

The OSI Model 2

The Upper Layers: Application, Presentation, and Session 4

Making Sense of Layers 4

The Lower Layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, and Transport 6

Layer 1: The Physical Layer 7

Layer 2: The Data Link Layer 8

A Brief History of Ethernet 8

The MAC Address Table 10

Maximum Transmission Unit 12

Subnet Limits 12

Layer 3: The Network Layer 13

Forwarding within a Subnet 14

Forwarding between Subnets 14

Address Resolution Protocol 16

Fragmentation 17

Routing vs. Forwarding 18

Layer 4: The Transport Layer 18

Transmission Control Protocol 19

Encapsulation and Decapsulation 21

Summary 22

Exam Essentials 22

Review Questions 24

Chapter 2 Spanning Tree Protocols 29

The Need for Spanning Tree 31

VLANs and Trunking 32

Dynamic Trunking 34

Unconditional Trunking 35

Active and Allowed VLANs 36

Rapid Per-VLAN Spanning Tree 38

Electing the Root Bridge 38

Calculating the Root Ports 41

Calculating the Root Ports of Indirectly Connected Switches 44

Modifying Port Cost 46

Modifying Port Priority 47

Calculating Blocked Ports 48

Port States 49

Port Roles 49

Link Types 49

Multiple Spanning Tree 50

Root Bridges and Port Priority 52

Internal Spanning Tree 53

Native VLAN 54

Topology Change Detection 55

Spanning Tree Extensions 55

Root Guard 55

BPDU Guard and BPDU Filter 57

Unidirectional Link Detection 58

Loop Guard 58

Summary 58

Exam Essentials 59

Exercises 60

Review Questions 62

Chapter 3 Enterprise Network Design 67

Physical Network Architectures 68

Comparing Campus and Data Center Networks 69

The Three-Tier Architecture 70

The Two-Tier Collapsed Core: A Cheaper Alternative 73

Layer 2 Design 74

Switched and Routed Interfaces 75

Switched Topologies 76

Routed Access Topology 81

EtherChannels 82

Load-Balancing Methods 83

Static EtherChannels 84

Port Aggregation Control Protocol 88

Link Aggregation Control Protocol 90

First-Hop Redundancy Protocols 91

Hot Standby Router Protocol 92

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol 94

Gateway Load-Balancing Protocol 95

Summary 97

Exam Essentials 98

Review Questions 100

Chapter 4 Wireless LAN (WLAN) 105

Radio Frequency Fundamentals 106

Frequency and Amplitude 107

Carrier Frequency 109

Power Levels 110

WLAN 802.11 Standards 115

The Physical Layer: Frequencies and Channels 115

Layer 2: 802.11 Media Access Control (MAC) 119

Access Point Modes 124

Autonomous 124

Lightweight 124

Wireless LAN Controller Selection Process 125

Roaming and Location Services 126

Roaming 126

Location Services 128

Summary 128

Exam Essentials 129

Review Questions 130

Chapter 5 Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) 135

Link-State Advertisements 136

OSPF Areas 137

LSA Types 137

Neighbor Operations 141

Configuring OSPF 142

Configuring Area 0 on a Broadcast Network 142

Viewing Neighbor Adjacencies 143

Rigging the Designated Router Election 144

Viewing and Understanding LSAs 146

Authentication 154

Passive Interfaces 158

Injecting a Default Route 159

Inter-Area Summarization 161

Route Filtering 162

Distribute Lists 162

Summary 163

Exam Essentials 164

Exercises 164

Review Questions 166

Chapter 6 Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) 171

EIGRP Fundamentals 172

EIGRP Packet Types 172

The Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) 173

Weighted Metrics 176

Configuring EIGRP 178

Equal Cost Multipathing 181

Modifying Metrics 182

Switching Types 186

Unequal Cost Multipathing 187

Summary 190

Exam Essentials 190

Exercises 191

Review Questions 192

Chapter 7 The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) 197

BGP Fundamentals 198

BGP AS Numbers 199

BGP Session States 201

Configuring BGP 202

Advertising Prefixes 204

Path Selection 205

Route Redistribution among BGP, OSPF, and EIGRP 210

Testing IP Reachability Using Tcl Scripts 214

Troubleshooting 215

Modifying Weight 218

Advertising Summary Routes Using Route Aggregation 220

Route Filtering Using Route Maps and Prefix Lists 222

Summary 225

Exam Essentials 226

Exercises 226

Review Questions 228

Chapter 8 Network Address Translation and Multicast 233

Network Address Translation 234

Address Types 234

Static NAT 236

Dynamic NAT 241

NAT Overload with Port Address Translation 247

Outside Static NAT 250

Removing NAT Configurations 251

Multicast 252

IP Multicast 253

LAN Multicast 253

Multicast Routing 257

Configuring PIM 258

Configuring a Multicast Receiver 262

IP Multicast and Ethernet 264

Summary 265

Exam Essentials 267

Exercises 268

Review Questions 270

Chapter 9 Quality of Service 275

Understanding Quality of Service 276

Classification and Marking 277

Differentiated Services 277

Layer 2 Marking 280

Class Maps and Policy Maps 280

Wireless QoS 281

Policing 284

Single-Rate, Two-Color Policing 284

Single-Rate, Three-Color Policing 285

Two-Rate Policing 287

Queuing 288

Class-Based Weighted Fair Queuing 288

Low-Latency Queuing 293

Explicit Congestion Notification 295

Shaping 295

Summary 297

Exam Essentials 297

Exercises 298

Review Questions 299

Chapter 10 Network Virtualization 303

Virtual Machines, Hypervisors, and Network Virtualization 304

Virtual Machines and Server Virtualization 305

Network Virtualization 307

Generic Routing Encapsulation Tunnels 312

Configuring a GRE Tunnel to Tunnel IPv4 and IPv6 over IPv4 312

Recursive Routing 318

IP Security 319

Internet Key Exchange 320

Encapsulating Security Payload 320

Configuring IPsec in Transport Mode with a GRE Tunnel 321

Configuring IPsec in Tunnel Mode 324

Location/ID Separation Protocol 326

LISP Terminology 328

Configuring LISP 328

Simulating IP Mobility 332

Is LISP a Routing Protocol? 334

Virtual Extensible Local Area Network 334

MAC Address Learning 335

Forwarding 335

Configuring VXLAN 336

VXLAN Control Planes 336

Configuring the Underlay 337

Configuring the Overlay 338

Configuring R1 and R2 339

Virtual Routing and Forwarding 340

Configuring a VRF 340

Configuring Multi-VRF EIGRP 342

Summary 345

Exam Essentials 345

Exercises 346

Review Questions 347

Chapter 11 Software-Defined Networking and Network Programmability 353

What Is Software-Defined Networking? 355

Software-Defined Access 356

SD-Access Layers 357

Physical Layer 357

Network Underlay 358

Fabric Overlay 359

Controller Layer 363

Management Layer 364

Software-Defined WAN 369

vManage Network Management System 370

vSmart Controller 370

vBond Orchestrator 371

vEdge Routers 371

Network Programmability and Automation 372

The Cisco DNA Center Intent API 372

vManage REST API 379

NETCONF 383

Embedded Event Manager 386

Configuration Management Platforms 388

Summary 391

Exam Essentials 391

Exercises 392

Review Questions 393

Chapter 12 Network Security and Monitoring 397

Infrastructure Security 398

Device Access 399

Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting 402

Access Control Lists 407

Control Plane Policing 412

Cisco Security Products 414

AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client 414

Umbrella 414

Advanced Malwar…