Inrecentresearchoncomputervisionsystems,attentionhasbeenplayingacrucialrolein mediatingbottom-upandtop-downpathsofinformationprocessing. Inappliedresearch, the development of enabling technologies such as miniaturized mobile sensors, video surveillance systems, and ambient intelligence systems involves the real-time analysis of enormous quantities of data. Knowledge has to be applied about what needs to be attendedto,andwhen,andwhattodoinameaningfulsequence,incorrespondencewith visual feedback. Methods on attention and control are mandatory to render computer vision systems more robust. The 2nd International Workshop on Attention and Performance in Computational Vision (WAPCV 2004) was held in the Czech Technical University of Prague, Czech Republic, as an associated workshop of the 8th European Conference on Computer - sion (ECCV 2004). The goal of this workshop was to provide an interdisciplinary forum tocommunicatecomputationalmodelsofvisualattentionfromvariousviewpoints,such as from computer vision, psychology, robotics and neuroscience. The motivation for - terdisciplinarity was communication and inspiration beyond the individual community, to focus discussion on computational modelling, to outline relevant objectives for p- formance comparison, to explore promising application domains, and to discuss these with reference to all related aspects of cognitive vision. The workshop was held as a single-day, single-track event, consisting of high-quality podium and poster presen- tions. Invited talks were given by John K. Tsotsos about attention and feature binding in biologically motivated computer vision and by Gustavo Deco about the context of attention, memory and reward from the perspective of computational neuroscience. The interdisciplinary program committee wascomposed of 21 internationally r- ognized researchers.

Inhalt
Attention in Object and Scene Recognition.- Distributed Control of Attention.- Inherent Limitations of Visual Search and the Role of Inner-Scene Similarity.- Attentive Object Detection Using an Information Theoretic Saliency Measure.- Architectures for Sequential Attention.- A Model of Object-Based Attention That Guides Active Visual Search to Behaviourally Relevant Locations.- Learning of Position-Invariant Object Representation Across Attention Shifts.- Combining Conspicuity Maps for hROIs Prediction.- Human Gaze Control in Real World Search.- Biologically Plausible Models for Attention.- The Computational Neuroscience of Visual Cognition: Attention, Memory and Reward.- Modeling Attention: From Computational Neuroscience to Computer Vision.- Towards a Biologically Plausible Active Visual Search Model.- Modeling Grouping Through Interactions Between Top-Down and Bottom-Up Processes: The Grouping and Selective Attention for Identification Model (G-SAIM).- TarzaNN : A General Purpose Neural Network Simulator for Visual Attention Modeling.- Applications of Attentive Vision.- Visual Attention for Object Recognition in Spatial 3D Data.- A Visual Attention-Based Approach for Automatic Landmark Selection and Recognition.- Biologically Motivated Visual Selective Attention for Face Localization.- Accumulative Computation Method for Motion Features Extraction in Active Selective Visual Attention.- Fast Detection of Frequent Change in Focus of Human Attention.