This volume explores the links between women's employment and fertility in Norway and Switzerland. The discussion focuses on four main areas: living standards, family policies, labour market structures, and social norms.

The book explores interlinkages between women's employment and fertility at both a macro- and a micro-level in EU member states, Norway and Switzerland. Similarly as many other studies on the topic, it refers to the cross-country variation in the macro-context for explaining cross-country differences in women's labour supply and fertility levels. However, in contrast to other studies, which mainly focus on Western Europe, it extends the discussion to Central and Eastern European countries. Furthermore, it looks at the macro-context from a multi-dimensional perspective, indicating its four dimensions as relevant for fertility and women's employment choices: economic (living standards), institutional (family policies), structural (labour market structures), and cultural (social norms). A unique feature of the study is the development of indices that measure the intensity of institutional, structural, and cultural incompatibilities between women's employment and fertility. These indices are used for ranking European countries from the perspective of the country-specific conditions for work and family reconciliation. A country where these conditions are the worst, but where women are additionally perceived as important income providers, is picked up for an in-depth empirical study of the interrelationship between fertility and women's employment choices. Finally, against the review of theoretical concepts predominantly used for studying interdependencies between fertility and women's labour supply the book assesses the micro-level empirical studies available on the topic and proposes an analytical approach for modelling the two variables. Thereby, it also contributes to methodological developments in the field.

Developing measures of potential work-family tensions imposed by the macro-context Ranking EU member states according to the conditions for work and family reconciliation Systematising and assessing the micro-level evidence on women's employment and fertility Proposing an analytical approach for studying women's employment and fertility behaviours Extending discussion on women's employment and fertility to post-socialist countries

Inhalt

Acknowledgements.- Chapter 1: Introduction.- Chapter 2: Developments in Fertility and Women's Labour Supply in Europe.- Chapter 3: Fertility and Women's Labour Supply: Theoretical Considerations.- Chapter 4: Macro-Context and its Cross-Country Variation.- Chapter 5: Macro-Context and the Cross-Country Variation in the Micro-Level Relationship between Fertility and Women's Employment.- Chapter 6: Women's Employment in Post-Socialist Poland: A Barier or a Pre-Condition to Childbearing.- Chapter 7: Conclusions.- References.- Appendix.- List of Figures.- List of Tables