This volume represents the proceedings of the Fifth Congress of the International Society of Ocular Toxicology (ISOT), which was held at the Grove Park Inn and Resort in Asheville, North Carolina, October 13-17, 1996. We are delighted to present this volume to the ophthalmic community, especially those with a significant interest in ocular toxicol ogy. The Fifth Congress was developed around themes relating to ocular drug metabolism, the ocular pathophysiological effects of nitric oxide, government issues relating to the use of alternative methods for toxicity testing, and a workshop that encompassed comparisons of both in vitro versus in vivo models as well as different animal models. The outcome of this congress, embodied in this volume, is a contribution to the methodologies currently employed or under development and to various drug or physical effects on different ocular tissues. While the focus of this proceedings is on ocular effects of drugs or other materials, many of the contributions deal with topics that have a much broader interest. The workshop concerning the use of different model systems and the choice of the best animal model for drug testing covers a wide range of interests that ex tends far beyond specific ocular effects. This is especially true in the area of alternative methods and in the choice of the best animal model for examination of different disease entities.

Klappentext

Proceedings of the Fifth Congress of the International Society of Toxicology held in Asheville, North Carolina, October 13-17, 1996

Inhalt
Welcome and Opening of Congress.- 1. Cytochrome P450 and Arachidonic Acid Metabolism in the Corneal Epithelium: Role in Inflammation.- 2. The Effects of 12(R)HETE and Its Metabolite 8(R)HHDTrE on Corneal Endothelial Function.- 3. Protein-Thiol Mixed Disulfides and Thioltransferase in the Lens: A Review..- 4. Corneal Lesions in Beagle Dogs Given Oral 5-Ethynyluracil Followed by 5-Fluorouracil.- 5. Corneal Damage following Continuous Infusion in Rats: Possible Explanation and Preventative Measures.- 6. Ultraviolet Light-Induced Damage in Rabbit Corneal Epithelial Cellsin VitroProtection with Absorption Filters.- 7. The Effects ofad Libitum(AL) Overfeeding and Moderate Dietary Restriction (DR) on the Incidence of Spontaneous Corneal Dystrophy in Control Sprague-Dawley (SD) Rats.- 8. Barotoxic Effects on Morphology and Viability of Trabecular Cells: A Preliminary Report.- 9. Topical Fluorescein Application Can Induce Iritis and Glaucoma: An Unusual Case Report.- 10. Ocular Toxicity of Sodium Diethylthiocarbamate, DDTC, in the Beagle Dog.- 11. Do Therapeutic Doses of Ethambutol Cause Optic Nerve Toxicity?.- 12. Testing of Ocular Viscoelastics by Injection into the Rabbit Vitreous: Historical Control Data Resulting from Various Dosing Techniques.- 13. Effects of Antiviral Agents on Retinal Function in Vertebrate Retina.- 14. Experimental Implantation of Devices for Electrical Retinal Stimulation in Rabbits: Preliminary Results.- 15. Nitric Oxide in Ocular Inflammation.- 16. Role of Nitric Oxide in Vascular Dysfunction Associated with Ocular Diseases.- 17. Effects of the Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthase and Lipoxygenase on the Development of Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis.- 18. Evaluation of Two Rabbit Ocular Implantation Models Using Polymethylmethacrylate IntraocularLenses.- 19. Characterization of Immortalized Lens Epithelial Cells as a Potentialin VitroAlternative Model for the Cellular Toxicity and the Efficacy Evaluations of Ocular Drug Candidates.- 20. Immortalization and Characterizations of Rabbit Corneal Epithelial Cell Lines as Potentialin VitroAlternative Models for Evaluating the Cellular Toxicity of Ocular Drug Candidates.- 21. Comparison of Somein VitroMeasurements of Membrane Damage to Corneal Epithelial Cells.- 22. Computer-Assisted Evaluation of Iris Color Changes in Primate Toxicity Studies.- 23. Workshop onin Vitroversusin VivoModels for Ocular Toxicity Testing.- 24. Toxicity Testing for Ocular Drug Products.- Participants.