Proceedings of a NATO ASI held in Malaga, Spain, December 4-14, 1991.

Advances of cardiovascular engineering prompt one to consider innovative device technology - that is, the development of new replacement heart valves or engineering of a totally implantable energy source for an artificial heart. However, these kinds of advances have often proved unable to achieve a long-lasting benefit as the cardiovascular field has matured so fast. Cardiovascular engineering has matured to the point where a major innovation must not only function, but must continuously function better than existing devices. This is difficult to accomplish in the complex cardiovasculature system, in which energy source, biocompatibility, compliance, and functionality all must be considered. The maturation of the field is evident from the fact that many engineered prosthetic systems perform well - for example, heart valves function for long periods of time, large-vessel vascular grafts are quite adequate, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has significantly prolonged the feasible length of heart bypass and other surgical operations, and total artificial hearts can be used as a bridge to transplant without serious complications, yet none of these systems is as good as the natural ones it replaces. The reasons for this are many and incompletely understood. The next stage of progress must be better to alterations understandings of the various components of vasculature and their response by our devices, be they at the micro- or macro-circulatory levels, in the blood, or associated with the vascular wall.

Zusammenfassung
Proceedings of a NATO ASI held in Malaga, Spain, December 4-14, 1991.

Inhalt
Old Concept-New Challenge; B.W. Zweifach. Microcirculation as a Dynamic Entity; B.W. Zweifach. Concentration and Velocity Profiles of Blood Cells in Microcirculation; R.S. Reneman, et al. Intercellular Collisions and their Effect on Microcirculatory Transport; H.L. Goldsmith. Model Studies of the Rheology of Blood in Microvessels; M.R.T. Yen. Fluid Dynamics and Thrombosis; S.M. Slack, et al. Rheological Factors and Disease; G.D.O. Lowe. Biomechanical Aspects of Tissue Growth and Engineering; Y.C. Fung. Flow and Vascular Geometry; H.L. Goldsmith, T. Karino. Ex Vivo Models for Studying Thrombosis; K.S. Sakariassen et al.. Current Status of Biomaterials; P. Didisheim. Cardiac Valve Replacement with Mechanical Prostheses; F.J. Teijeira, A.A. Mikhail. Flow Through Mechanical Heart Valves and Thrombosis; B. Brami. 8 additional articles. Index.