This book describes physical, mathematical and experimental methods to model flows in micro- and nanofluidic devices. It takes in consideration flows in channels with a characteristic size between several hundreds of micrometers to several nanometers. Methods based on solving kinetic equations, coupled kinetic-hydrodynamic description, and molecular dynamics method are used. Based on detailed measurements of pressure distributions along the straight and bent microchannels, the hydraulic resistance coefficients are refined. Flows of disperse fluids (including disperse nanofluids) are considered in detail. Results of hydrodynamic modeling of the simplest micromixers are reported. Mixing of fluids in a Y-type and T-type micromixers is considered. The authors present a systematic study of jet flows, jets structure and laminar-turbulent transition. The influence of sound on the microjet structure is considered. New phenomena associated with turbulization and relaminarization of the mixing layer of microjets are discussed. Based on the conducted experimental investigations, the authors propose a chart of microjet flow regimes. When addressing the modeling of microflows of nanofluids, the authors show where conventional hydrodynamic approaches can be applied and where more complicated models are needed, and they analyze the hydrodynamic stability of the nanofluid flows. The last part of the book is devoted the statistical theory of the transport processes in fluids under confined conditions. The authors present the constitutive relations and the formulas for transport coefficients. In conclusion the authors present a rigorous analysis of the viscosity and diffusion in nanochannels and in porous media.

Autorentext
Valery Ya. Rudyak, Professor, graduated the physical faculty of the Novosibirsk State University. He completed his Ph.D. dissertation in kinetic theory of gases. In 1990 he defended the doctor of science in physics and mathematics dissertation. He is Honoured Science Worker of Russian Federation. He is head of theoretical mechanics department of the Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, simultaneously he is main research scientist of the Siberian Federal University. His main field of expertise includes the following subjects: nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, kinetic theory of gases, rarefied gas dynamics, physics and mechanics of transport processes, transport processes in nanofluids, flows in microchannels, multi-phases fluids, laminar-turbulent transition, CFD and molecular dynamics simulation. He is author of 6 monographs and more than 200 scientific papers. The main subjects of his research last years are the nanofluids transport properties and modelling micro- and nanoflows.

Vladimir M. Aniskin, Doctor, graduated the faculty of aircrafts of the Novosibirsk State Technical University. He completed his Ph.D. dissertation on experimental investigations of hypersonic flows. In 2012 he defended the doctor of science in physics and mathematics dissertation. He is senior researcher in Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences in Novosibirsk. His main field of expertise includes the following subjects: investigations of gas microjets, flows of liquids in microchannels, development of methods of microflows diagnostics. He is author of 1 monograph and more than 80 scientific papers.

Anatoly A. Maslov, Professor, graduated the physical faculty of the Novosibirsk State University. He completed his PhD dissertation in numerical investigation of supersonic boundary layer stability. In 1988 he defended the doctor of science in physics and mathematics dissertation. He is head of laboratory " Physical problems of gas-dynamic flows control ", Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, simultaneously he is main research scientist of the Novosibirsk State University. Prof. Maslov's main research interests are: fundamental studies in the areas of experimental fluid dynamics and applied aerodynamics. His current experimental studies include: stability and transition of laminar super- and hypersonic boundary layers; gasdynamic of weakly ionized gases; application of active flow control to aerial vehicles; sensing and control of unsteady flows and separation: and microscale and nanoscale flows. He is author of 4 monographs and more than 200 scientific papers. He is a laureate of the gold medal of N.E. Zhukovsky and the first prize of academician G.A.Petrov for a series of works in the field of stability of the supersonic and hypersonic shear and boundary layers.

Andrey V. Minakov, Doctor, graduated from the Krasnoyarsk Technical University in 2005 in direction of the technical physics. Now he is assistant professor of the Siberian Federal University. His main field of expertise includes the following subjects: thermophysical properties of nanofluids, CFD modeling of complex fluid flows including microflows, physics of dispersed fluids, modeling heat and mass transfer in many applications. He is author more than 90 scientific papers and one monograph.

Sergey G. Mironov, Professor, graduated the physical faculty of the Novosibirsk State University. He completed his Ph.D. dissertation in experimental rarefied gas-dynamics. In 2003 he defended the doctor of science in physics and mathematics dissertation. He is main researcher in Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences in Novosibirsk and professor in the physical faculty of the Novosibirsk State University. His main field of expertise includes the following subjects: stability hypersonic boundary layers, supersonic jets, supersonic aerodynamics, microscale flows. He is author of 1 monograph and more than 150 scientific papers. He is a laureate of first prize of academician G.A.Petrov for a series of works in the field of stability of the supersonic and hypersonic shear and boundary layers.

Inhalt

1 Methods of Modeling of Microflows and Nanoflows

Abstract

1.1 Considered Systems and Their Classification

1.2 Modeling of Rarefied Gas Microflows

1.3 Modeling of Moderately Dense Gases

1.4 Modeling of Dense Gas and Liquid Flows

1.5 Modeling of Disperse Fluid Flows

1.6 Modeling of Nanofluid Microflows

1.7 Molecular Dynamics Method

References

2 Gasdynamic Structure and Stability of Gas Microjets

Abstract

2.1 Investigation and Application of Microjets

2.2 Stability of a Subsonic Plane Gas Microjet

2.3 Structure and Characteristics of Stability of Supersonic

Axisymmetric Microjets

2.4 Microjet Simulation with the Use of Macrojets

References

3 Fluid Flows in Microchannels

Abstract

3.1 Methods of Determining the Hydraulic Resistance Coefficient in Tubes

3.2 Fabrication Technology and Characteristics of Microchannels

3.3 Experimental Arrangement

3.4 Errors of Microchannel Measurements

3.5 Fluid Flow in Straight Tubes

3.6 Fluid Flows in Curved Tubes

References

4 Modeling of Micromixers

Abstract

4.1 Algorithm for Solving the Navier-Stokes Equations

4.2 Testing of the Algorithm

4.3 Mixing of Fluids in a Y-type Mixer at Low Reynolds Numbers

4.4 Mixing of Fluids in a T-type Micromixer at Moderate Reynolds Numbers

4.5 Experimental Study of Flow Regimes in a T-type Micromixer

4.6 Modeling of Two-phase Flows in a T-type Micromixer

4.7 Heat Transfer in a T-type Micromixer

4.8 Active Method of Mixing

References

5 Modeling of Nanoflows

Abstract

5.1 Molecular Dynamics Simulation of a Channel Flow Generated by an

External Force

5.2 Algorithm of Modeling a Plane Nanoflow under Pseudo-periodic

Conditions

5.3 Algorithm of Modeling a Plane Nanoflow with a Prescribed Flow Rate

5.4 Specific Features of Nanoflows in MD Simulations

5.5 Diffusion of Molecules in Nanochannels

5.6 Self-d…