This book demonstrates the application of Life-cycle Cost Approach (LCCA) in the management of infrastructure and other investment projects in the context of developing countries. The main goal is to identify potential opportunities for the adoption LCCA in developing countries, with the help of case studies and best practices. The editors observe that developing countries are plagued with poor and fluctuating service delivery which affords low or no priority for environmental protection. They seek to instill at the policy-making level an understanding of why life-cycle cost assessment is central to achieving the goals of sustainable development as well as sustainable service delivery and to influence the behavior of sector stakeholders.

The editors examine the evolution of LCCA from a project appraisal tool to a more comprehensive method of incorporating sustainable development aspects in a variety of sectors. By providing a compendium of concepts, tools and practical experiences, it seeks to broaden the application of LCCA, which is often limited to specific phases of the life-cycle with little or no weight given to environmental aspects.

The aim of the book is to mainstream LCCA into governance processes at institutional levels from local to national, in order to increase the ability and willingness of decision makers - both users and those involved in service planning, budgeting and delivery - to reach better informed and more relevant choices among different types and levels of products and services.

Autorentext
**Prof. Dr. Reza Ardakanian** is the Founding Director of United Nations University Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources (UNU-FLORES^ry of Interior (19871989).

Dr. Mathew Kurian is Academic Officer and leads the Capacity Development and Governance unit at United Nations University Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources (UNU-FLORES). Prior to joining UNU-FLORES, he served as Senior Water and Sanitation Specialist at Water and Sanitation Programme (WSP) of The World Bank where he led policy advocacy efforts related to rural water supply, wastewater reuse, and climate adaptation options in secondary towns. He began his career as a Robert McNamara Fellow at the World Bank where his work on land tenure reform was hosted by the Tata Energy Research Institute (TERI), New Delhi.

Upon completing his PhD in Development Studies from the Institute of Social Studies (ISS), Erasmus University, The Hague, Netherlands, Dr. Kurian was employed as Associate Expert (Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs) at International Water Management Institute (IWMI-CGIAR) where he undertook assessments of soil and water conservation interventions in the Mekong and Nile river basins. In 2009 as member of faculty at UNESCO-IHE, Delft, Dr. Kurian led the development of a policy note on urban sanitation and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for the Directorate General of International Cooperation (DGIS) in the Netherlands. While still at UNESCO-IHE, Dr. Kurian developed an online e-learning course on governance of water and sanitation services in developing countries.
He has published in the area of water institutions and policy and has mentored students of the MSc programme in environment and development planning while on the faculty of University College London (UCL). His experience in the field of capacity development includes training civil servants and managers of water utilities in Iran andTanzania, consulting assignments with the Asian Development Bank (ADB), Philippines and teaching undergraduate courses in human geography at the University of British Columbia (UBC) Vancouver, Canada. In his current function, he leads the design of public policy research, policy advocacy in support of evidence-based decision making and fund raising to support establishment of a nexus observatory network.

Inhalt

1. Life-Cycle Cost Approach (LCCA): Rationale and Relevance.- 1.1 What Is LCCA and Why?- 1.2 LCCA and Green Economy.- 1.3 LCCA and Sustainable Services.- 2. Life-Cycle Cost Approach (LCCA): Framework and Concepts.- 2.1 The Framework.- 2.2 Cost Components.- 2.3 Discount Rates, Annualisation and Functional Unit.- 2.4 Components of Life-Cycle Model.- 2.5 Ris K-Based Life Cycle Cost Analysis and Simulations.- 2.6 Methods and Tools of Environmental Impacts.- 3. LCCA Applications In Infrastructure and Other Projects: Some Case Studies.- 3.1 LCCA Application in the Real World.- 3.2 Case Studies (A): Construction; Power; Roads; etc.- 3.3 Case Studies (B): Natural Resource Based Projects Like Drinking Water and Sanitation (WASH); Crop Systems (Paddy); Agro-Processing (Bio-Ethanol, etc).- 3.4 Case Studies (C): LCCA Application in the Developing Country Context.- 3.5 Good Practices of LCCA.- 3.6 Constraints and Challenges in the Application of LCCA in the Developing Countries.