Over the last decade, ultrasound mid-air haptic technology has emerged and rapidly advanced to engage multidisciplinary scientific communities within and adjacent to the haptics and HCI fields. Additionally, this haptic technology has been adopted by a number of industry sectors (e.g., automotive, virtual reality, digital signage, neuroscience research) who appear keen to exploit its unique value proposition: the ability to deliver rich haptic sensations from a distance, without the need to touch, wear or hold anything in order to enhance touchless interfaces, novel applications, and experiences. This book is the first, and currently the only one, that provides a comprehensive description of the technology, encapsulating almost all aspects relating to electronic prototyping, acoustics, haptics, psychology and perception, user experience and end-user HCI applications. Through its 18 chapters written by 30 expert co-authors, this book is therefore an excellent introduction to the technology for anyone coming from any of those fields. Specifically, the reader will benefit by getting a unique and multi-dimensional perspective on the state-of-the-art of this enabling haptic technology while also understanding its history, relevant best research practices, and an overview of the various open challenges and opportunities.

Inhalt

Basic theory of ultrasonic mid-air haptics.- User experience and mid-air haptics: Applications, methods and future directions.- Ultrasound haptic feedback for touchless user interfaces: Design patterns.- Opportunities of multisensory technology to promote agency and responsibility.- Augmenting automotive gesture infotainment interfaces through mid-air haptic icon design.- Ultrasound mid-air tactile feedback for immersive virtual reality interaction.- Multimodal interaction with mid-air haptics.- Touchless tactile interaction with unconventional permeable displays.- Modulation methods of ultrasound focus and their effects on vibrotactile perception.- Multiunit phased array system for flexible workspace.- Sound-field creation for haptic reproduction.- Superimposing visual image on haptic stimulation.- Small ultrasound haptic display for the fingertip.- The physical principles of arrays for mid-air haptic applications.- Prototyping airborne ultrasonic arrays.- Safety of high-intensity ultrasound.- Ultrasound exposure in mid-air haptics.- Outlook - Future challenges and opportunities.