The aim of this book is to give, within a single volume, an introduction to the fields of turbulence modelling and transition-to-turbulence prediction, and to provide the physical background for today's modelling approaches in these problem areas as well as giving a flavour of advanced use of prediction methods. Turbulence modelling approaches, ranging from single-point models based on the eddy-viscosity concept and the Reynolds stress transport equations (Chapters 3,4,5), to large-eddy simulation (LES) techniques (Ch. 7), are covered. The foundations of hydrodynamical stability and transition are presented (Ch. 2) along with transition prediction methods based on single-point closures (Ch. 6), LES techniques (Ch. 7) and the parabolized stability equations (Ch. 8). The book addresses engineers and researchers, in industry or academia, who are entering into the fields of turbulence or transition modelling research or need to apply turbulence or transition prediction methods in their work.

Inhalt

Preface. 1: Introduction. 1.1. Early developments. 1.2. Basic equations. 2: Stability and Transition. 2.0. Nomenclature. 2.1. Introduction. 2.2. Inviscid linear stability theory. 2.3. Viscous instability analysis. 2.4. Stability of complex boundary layer flows. 2.5. Transition scenarios. 2.6. Transition modeling. 3: The Basics of Turbulence Modelling. 3.1. Introduction. 3.2. Nomenclature. 3.3. The physics of turbulence. 3.4. Single-point transport equations. 3.5. The hierarchy and history of single- point closures. 3.6. What should a closure fulfil? 3.7. The K-epsilon and other two-equation models. 3.8. Differential Reynolds stress models. 3.9. Modeling the epsilon-equation. 3.10. Models for turbulent transport. 3.11. Algebraic Reynolds stress models. 3.12. Near-wall treatment. 3.13. Model development and validation tools. 4: Constitutive Relations and Realizability. 4.1. Turbulence constitutive relationships. 4.2. Realizability in turbulence modeling. 5: Advanced Turbulence Models. 5.1. Introduction. 5.2. Non-linear eddy viscosity models. 5.3. New developments in stress-transport closures. 5.4. Concluding remarks. 5.A. Appendix. 6: One-Point Closures Applied to Transition. 6.1. Introduction and historical background. 6.2. Eddy viscosity and other simple approaches. 6.3. Eddy-viscosity model refinement. 6.4. Results from by-pass transition simulations. 6.5. Using and refining RST models to predict transition. 6.6. Towards practical computations. 6.7. Conclusions and summary. 7: LES: Theory and Applications. 7.1. Introduction. 7.2. Governing equations and filters. 7.3. Principles of small scale modeling. 7.4. Subgrid-scale modeling. 7.5. Numerical models. 7.6. Applications. 7.7. Conclusions. 8: Transition Modeling Based on the PSE. 8.1. Introduction. 8.2. Preliminary. 8.3. The PSE formulation: Basics. 8.4. The linearized PSE. 8.5. The nonlinear PSE. 8.6. Receptivity.