This book gathers a selection of contributions dealing with the application of mechanical engineering for preserving and managing cultural heritage. It covers advanced techniques for 3D survey, modeling and simulation, reconstruction, data management as well as advanced diagnostics and testing methods. It highlights strategies to foster sustainability, inclusivity, energy saving and waste reuse in preventive conservation of historical buildings and sculptures, and large heritage sites. Based on contributions presented at the 4th Florence Heri-Tech International Conference, held on April 29-30, 2024, in Firenze, Italy, this book offers a timely source of information concerning engineering methods in heritage for both researchers and professionals in the field.