Nearly 30 years ago, a number of scientists working on the Enteric Nervous System (ENS) gathered at Flinders University, in Adelaide, Australia to discuss the advances and future of their research. It was a friendly and stimulating meeting, attended by most of the major players, in what was to become the discipline of 'Neurogastroenterology'.

In 2014, the main Australasian Neuroscience Society meeting was held in Adelaide, Australia, providing the perfect opportunity to recreate a follow-up ENS meeting. As such, the 'ENS II 2014 meeting' aimed to identify how far the field of enteric neuroscience had developed, where the future was heading, and what technological advances had been made to address current and future unresolved questions. 30 speakers from around the world were invited to give talks and revisit the original expectations, the advances made since, and the future directions of ENS research. These discussions included three generations of investigators from 7 different countries.

This publication represents the majority of proceedings from the 'The Enteric Nervous System II 2014' conference, which was held on February 1st - 2nd 2014 at the National Wine Centre of Australia, Adelaide. This meeting was an Official satellite meeting of the 34th Annual Meeting of Australasian Neuroscience Society, which was also held in Adelaide.

The 20 contributions contained within this submission are from international researchers in the field of the ENS, who reviewed the advances made since the first meeting in the early 1980s and summarizes the present and future perspectives of neuro-gastroenterology. Some colleagues could not attend but did send greetings and their messages are included in these proceedings.

Autorentext

Stuart Brierley is an NHMRC R.D Wright Biomedical Fellow and Head of the Visceral Pain Group, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide located in the Centre for Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Diseases at the South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI).

Prof Brierley is an international authority on the different afferent classes innervating the gut, the mechanotransduction channels underlying their function, the interaction of these channels with inflammatory mediators, and how this changes in acute and chronic pain.

Prof Brierley is the current South Australian State Representative of the Australasian Neuroscience Society, the Treasurer of the Australasian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association (ANGMA) and a Node leader for the Adelaide Centre For Neuroscience Research.

Marcello Costa was born in Turin, Italy, but migrated to Australia in 1970, where he became one of the founders of the new discipline of Neuroscience and the Australian Neuroscience Society (ANS), of which become President in the 1990s. He holds a personal chair in Neurophysiology at Flinders University, the first in Australia. He has published over 230 scientific papers in international journals, 55 reviews and chapters and written two books in enteric neuroscience and gastrointestinal motor functions.

He was foundation co-chair of the the South Australian Neuroscience Institute (SANI) from 2003 to 2010. He is also active in the field of philosophy of science and education in neuroscience to university students and to the broader public.

Inhalt
Preface.- Memories and promises of the Enteric Nervous System and its functions.- A personal perspective on the development of our understanding of the myogenic control mechanisms of gut motor function.- Enteric inhibitory neurotransmission, starting down under.- Spatiotemporal Maps in motility research.- Development of neural activity in the Enteric Nervous System: Similarities and differences to other parts of the nervous system.- ENS development research since 1983: Great strides but many remaining challenges.- Extrinsic sensory innervation of the gut - structure and function.- Ageing and gastrointestinal sensory function.- Altered ion channel/receptor expression and function in extrinsic sensory neurons: The cause of and solution to chronic visceral pain?.- Purinergic signalling in the gut.- Is there a role for endogenous 5-HT in gastrointestinal motility? How recent studies have changed our understanding.- Enteric Neuropathies: Yesterday, today and tomorrow.- Postnatal development of the mouse enteric nervous system.- G protein-coupled receptor trafficking and signalling in the enteric nervous system: the past, present and future.- The intrinsic reflex circuitry of the inflamed colon.- Integrated Neural and Endocrine Control of Gastrointestinal Function.- Enteric Neurobiology: Discoveries and directions.- Advanced 3D optical microscopy in ENS research.- Excitability and synaptic transmission in the enteric nervous system: Does diet play a role?.- Recording in vivo human colonic motility what have we learnt over the past 100 years?.- Index.