This book focuses on the role of subsistence entrepreneurs in creating social and sustainable business opportunities on the global marketplace. Subsistence entrepreneurs use scarce resources to create new business opportunities, often in developing or emerging economies. In addition, subsistence entrepreneurship is increasingly being used as a way to facilitate market entry for small and medium-sized business enterprises that focus on collaborative innovation. The interdisciplinary contributions gathered here will expand readers' understanding of the nature and characteristics of subsistence entrepreneurs, as well as the challenges they face. The central connection between subsistence, sustainability and social entrepreneurship is also explored.

Autorentext
Dr. Vanessa Ratten is the programme coordinator of the entrepreneurship and innovation degrees at La Trobe Business School (Australia). She has previously been on the business faculties of Deakin University, Duquesne University (Pittsburgh), Queensland University of Technology and the University of Queensland. She has guest edited several well-respected journals such as the Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, Journal of Management and Organization, Thunderbird International Business Review and International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. Dr Ratten has coedited six books on entrepreneurship including 'Sports Entrepreneurship' (Springer, 2018) and 'Knowledge, Learning and Innovation' (Springer, 2018).
Prof. Paul Jones is deputy director of the International Centre for Transformational Entrepreneurship and professor of entrepreneurship at Coventry University (UK). Prof. Jones is the editor-in-chief of the International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, and associate editor for the International Journal of Management Education. He is an experienced researcher with a large publication portfolio including three edited books, 14 book chapters and 56 journal articles. He has guest edited special issues for journals such as the Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Strategic Change and Education + Training. He is a senior Fellow of the Higher Education Academy (UK) and sits on the Board of Trustees of the Institute of Small Business and Entrepreneurship (UK).
Vitor Braga is an associate professor at the School of Technology and Management of Felgueiras, Polytechnic of Porto (Portugal). He is the director of the business sciences BSc, the head of the business sciences department and the director of the MSc in International Management. His main research interests deal with entrepreneurship processes, such as co-operation, internationalization and innovation. He is also part of the entrepreneurship education project 'Enhancing Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Identity' which is coordinated by the University of Wisconsin and the Illinois State University and involves universities across 70 countries worldwide.
Carla Susana Marques is an associate professor at the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, based in Vila Real, Portugal.

Inhalt
Subsistence Entrepreneurship: The Role of Collaborative Innovation, Sustainability and Social Goals.- Firm Founder's Passivity as a Source of Serendipitous Opportunity Discovery.- Commonomics: Rhetoric and Reality of the African Growth Tragedy.- Entrepreneurship in the Solidarity Economy: A Valuation of Models Based on the Quadruple Helix and Civil Society.- Evaluating the Business Model of a Work Integration Social Enterprise in Cantabria.- Encouraging Indigenous Self-Employment in Franchising.- Shadow Economy Index for Moldova and Romania.- Survivability and Sustainability of Traditional Industry in the Twenty-First Century: A Case of Indonesian Traditional Furniture SME in Jepara.- The Minimum Wage Fuels Romania's Shadow Economy?.- Garnifying Innovation and Innovating Through Garnification.- Work Hard, Play Hard: Work-Life Balance in Small Business.- Stay Ahead of a Game or Stay Still: The Impact of Learning and Development on Business Performance.