The objective of this inaugural volume on Upper Silesia is to present an area of considerable cultural, historical, social and natural diversity from a transdisciplinary perspective. The common denominator of the works collected in this volume is the reflection on the multiple perspectives, identity, and diversity of this region. The legal, sociological, historical, cultural, geographic-economic, hydrological, climatological, and natural aspects of Upper Silesia from the past to the present are the focus of the works. The selection of texts has been curated to underscore the intricacies and contemporary relevance of the subject of Upper Silesia, thereby highlighting its originality. The present volume is the outcome of a comparative research project, in which researchers from various scientific disciplines discuss selected aspects of the diversity of Upper Silesia.