Primary productivity in the sea accounts for ~30% of the total global annual production. Holistic understanding of the factors determining marine productivity requires detailed knowl­ edge of algal physiology and of hydrodynamics. Traditionally studies of aquatic primary productivity have heen conducted hy workers in two major schools: experimental laboratory biology, and empirical field ecology. Here an attempt was made .to hring together people from both schools to share information and con­ cepts; each author was charged with reviewing his field of exoer­ tise. The scope of the Symposium is broad, which we feel is its strength. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Depart­ ment of Energy, the United States Environmental Protection Agency, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, including the NMFS Northeast Fisheries Center and the MESA New York Bight Project. Thanks are due to Mrs. Margaret Dienes, with­ out whose editorial skills this volume could not have been pro­ duced, and to Mrs. Helen Kondratuk as Symposium Coordinator. Finally, we wish to record our indebtedness to Dr. Alexander Hollaender for his tireless efforts and valuable advice in sup­ porting all aspects of this Symposium.

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Session I. Reviews of Primary Productivity.- On the Algae: Thoughts about Physiology and Measurements of Efficiency.- Phytoplankton Growth in the Sea - A Coalescence of Disciplines.- Session II. Energy Transfer: Light Harvesting and Utilization.- Algal Pigment Systems.- The Distribution of Absorbed Light Energy for Algal Photosynthesis.- Light Utilization Efficiency in Natural Phytoplankton Communities.- Light-Shade Adaptation in Marine Phytoplankton.- Vertical Mixing and Primary Production.- Session III. Material Transfer: Nutrient Assimilation.- Paths of Carbon Assimilation in Marine Phytoplankton.- Review of Estimates of Algal Growth Using 14C Tracer Techniques.- Physiological Processes, Nutrient Availability, and the Concept of Relative Growth Rate in Marine Phytoplankton Ecology.- Nitrogen Uptake and Assimilation by Marine Phytoplankton.- Session IV. Growth Rates.- Multiple Isotopic Tracer Methods in the Study of Growth, Dynamics, and Metabolic Processes in Marine Ecosystems.- Estimating Phytoplankton Growth Rates in the Central Oligotrophic Oceans.- Modeling Phytoplankton Carbon Metabolism.- Temperature Adaptation in Phytoplankton: Cellular and Photosynthetic Characteristics.- The Phasing and Distribution of Cell Division Cycles in Marine Diatoms.- Session V. Primary Productivity in the Sea.- Size-Fractionated Primary Productivity of Marine Phytoplankton.- Remote Sensing of Oceanic Phytoplankton: Present Capabilities and Future Goals.- Modeling Primary Production.- Productivity of Seaweeds: The Potential and the Reality.- Productivity of Zooxanthellae.- Primary Productivity in the Sea: Reef Corals in Situ.- Session VI. Material Recycling.- Respiration and Photorespiration in Marine Algae.- Nutrient Regeneration and Primary Production in the Sea.- General Rules of Grazing in Pelagic Ecosystems.- Carbon Cycling in the Ocean.- Concluding Remarks: Marine Photosynthesis and the Global Carbon Cycle.- Abstracts of Poster Presentations.- Participants in the Symposium.- Previous Brookhaven Symposia in Biology.- Index of Speakers.