Plant Breeding Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on plant genetics and the breeding of all types of crops by both traditional means and molecular methods. Many of the crops widely grown today stem from a very narrow genetic base; understanding and preserving crop genetic resources is vital to the security of food systems worldwide. The emphasis of the series is on methodology, a fundamental understanding of crop genetics, and applications to major crops.

Zusammenfassung

Plant Breeding Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on plant genetics and the breeding of all types of crops by both traditional means and molecular methods. Many of the crops widely grown today stem from a very narrow genetic base; understanding and preserving crop genetic resources is vital to the security of food systems worldwide. The emphasis of the series is on methodology, a fundamental understanding of crop genetics, and applications to major crops.

Inhalt

Contributors ix

1 Antoine: Slave, Creole Gardener, and Expert Grafter of Pecan Trees 1
Lenny Wells

I. Background 2

II. Work and Recognition of 'Centennial' Pecan 3

III. Significance 5

Literature Cited 8

2 Hazelnut Breeding 9
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher and Thomas J. Molnar

I. Introduction 13

II. Economic Importance, Producing Countries, and Markets 14

III. Taxonomy of the Genus Corylus 15

IV. Genetic Resource Collection, Characterization and Preservation 23

V. Major Limitations, Needs, and Breeding Objectives 35

VI. History of Genetic Improvement 36

VII. Breeding Programs Since 1960 46

VIII. Floral Biology and Breeding Procedures 54

IX. Breeding for Specific Traits 81

X. Clonal Selection 110

XI. Rootstock Improvement 111

XII. Interspecific Hybridization 114

XIII. Molecular Markers, Genome Sequences, Transcriptome Sequences and Genetic Engineering 119

XIV. Conclusions and Prospects 125

Literature Cited 127

3 Rewiring Network Plasticity to Improve Crops 143
Madara Hetti-Arachchilage, Ghana Shyam Challa, and Amy Marshall-Colón

I. Crop Ideotype Design Using Gene Networks 145

II. Leveraging Network Plasticity to Improve Crops 149

III. Multiscale Modeling to Scale Up Gene Network Predictions 167

IV. Concluding Remarks and Future Directions 170

Literature Cited 171

4 Accelerating Crop Domestication in the Era of Gene Editing 185
Angel Del Valle-Echevarria, Nathan Fumia, Michael A. Gore, and Michael Kantar

I. Introduction 187

II. Molecular Biology in Domesticating and Improving Novel Crops 189

III. Bringing in Genes from the Wild into Domesticated Crops 196

IV. Going into the Unknown: Can We Redomesticate in a More Specific Way to Create Better Crops? 199

V. Do Crop Models Offer Opportunities for Assisting in De Novo Domestication of Wild Species? 200

VI. Can We Revive Lost Domesticates and How Would We Breed These? 201

VII. Can Machine Learning Be Used to Detect Domestication Loci? 202

VIII. Conclusion and Future Directions 203

Literature Cited 204

5 Regional and Global Inter-Connectivity Among Common Bean Breeding Programs 213
Matthew W. Blair, Asrat Asfaw, Daniel Ambachew, and Paul Kimani

I. Who Makes Bean Varieties? Breeding at Various Scales 214

II. Institutional Context of Bean Breeding 215

III. Agenda Setting 235

IV. Projects Versus Networks 238

V. New Concept of Genotype x Environment x Institution (G x E x I) 241

VI. Context-Mechanism-Outcome Framework 245

VII. Conclusion and Future Prospects 248

Literature Cited 250

6 The Plant Sciences Symposia Series: A Model for Private Sector Support for Graduate Education 255
Jason T. Rauscher and Tabare Abadie

I. Introduction 256

II. Background and History 257

III. Objectives and Impact 258

IV. Conclusions 270

Literature Cited 271

7 Ideas in Genomic Selection with the Potential to Transform Plant Molecular Breeding: A Review 273
Matthew McGowan, Jiabo Wang, Haixiao Dong, Xiaolei Liu, Yi Jia, Xiangfeng Wang, Hiroyoshi Iwata, Yutao Li, Alexander E. Lipka, and Zhiwu Zhang

I. Introduction 276

II. Blup Alphabet 277

III. Bayesian Alphabet 282

IV. Machine Learning 284

V. GWAS-Assisted Genomic Selection 288

VI. Hybrid Breeding 292

VII. Multiple Traits 295

VIII. Long-Term Selection 298

IX. Assessment of Prediction Accuracy 301

X. GS-Transformed Plant Breeding 304

XI. Future Prospects 306

Funding 307

Literature Cited 307 **8 Genetic Revelations of a New Paradigm of Plant Domesti...