Phthalate esters are an important class of chemicals widely used in commercial applications, primarily as plasticizers to soften vinyl, but are also used in consumer products. This book reviews the state of the science of phthalate esters in the environment. Key information reviewed includes analytical methodologies, a compilation of concentration measurements in water, sediment, soil, air, dust, and food, plus an assessment of critical exposure pathways. In addition, key physical properties data and fate characteristics that control exposure are reviewed. Pertinent ecotoxicity data and mammalian toxicity and human health information are reviewed. Finally, potential environmental risks are addressed.

Inhalt

M.K. Stanley, K.A. Robillard, C.A. Staples: Introduction.- F. David, P. Sandra, B. Tienpont, F. Vanwalleghem, M. Ikonomou: Analytical Methods Review.- I. Cousins, D. Mackay: Physical-Chemical Properties and Evaluative Fate Modeling of Phthalate Esters.-D. Peterson: Degradation of Phthalate Esters in the Environment.- K. Clark: Observed Concentrations in the Environment.- I.T. Cousins, D. Mackay: Multimedia Mass Balance Modeling of Two Phthalate Esters Using the Regional Population-Based Model (RPM).-F.A.P.C. Gobas, C.E. Mackintosh, G. Webster, M. Ikonomou: Bioaccumulation of Phthalate Esters in Aquatic Food-Webs.- K. Clark: Assessment of Critical Exposure Pathways.- C. Bradlee, P. Thomas: Aquatic Toxicity of Phthalate Esters.- R.M. David, G. Gans: Summary of Mammalian Toxicology and Health Effects for Phthalate Esters.- T. Parkerton: an Assessment of the Potential Environmental Risks Posed by Phthalates in Soil and Sediment.