The field of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has progressed immensely in recent times with evidences highlighting their importance in physiology and pathology. This book entails extensive reflective literature on many subtypes of EVs including exosomes, exomeres, ectosomes, apoptotic vesicles, bacterial EVs and fungal EVs.The book further discusses the biogenesis and secretion of these EVs, detailing the biological pathways and proteins involved. Research investigating the biological functions of EVs is rapidly increasing and the current knowledge around their role in progression of diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration and metabolic disorders is discussed in multiple chapters. The implications of EVs in intercellular communication and the significance of biologically active cargo carried within these EVs are further examined. Moreover, the numerous applications of EVs in diagnostics and treatment of diseases are reviewed in detail, particularly their potential as biomarkers and drug delivery vehicles.

Taken together, this book is a compilation of the key implications of EVs that are secreted by virtually all cell types. Readers will gain a perspective into the biology, functions and applications of EVs and their constantly evolving knowledge base.

Autorentext
Prof Suresh MathivananSuresh Mathivanan completed his PhD in proteomics and bioinformatics at the Institute of Bioinformatics, India and Johns Hopkins University, USA. Suresh joined Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne, Australia for his first postdoctoral position. In 2011, he received a NH&MRC Peter Doherty fellowship to study the role of exosomes in cancer cells. In 2015, he was awarded an ARC DECRA to study the role of exosomes in intercellular communication. Suresh established his own research group in the Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS) at La Trobe University after receiving a LIMS fellowship in 2011. Mathivanan laboratory is focused in exploring exosomes and their role in cancer and intercellular communication. Currently, he is funded by an ARC Future Fellowship (FT2: 2018-2022) to investigate exosome biogenesis. He has authored over 94 papers that are cited more than 20000 times (Google Scholar; July 2020) and has been recognized as a highly cited researcher in 2018 and 2019. Currently, he serves as the Director of the Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles (RCEV) in La Trobe University.
Dr Pamali FonsekaPamali Fonseka is an early career scientist at the La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science. Dr Fonseka was awarded PhD in Dec 2018 from La Trobe University. Her PhD thesis was on the role of exosomes in intra-tumour heterogeneity and cross-species communication. She has been working in the field of extracellular vesicles for past 7 years. Dr Fonseka has made numerous contributions to the extracellular vesicles field and has published 11 manuscripts in well reputed journals. Dr Fonseka was awarded CASS foundation science/medical grant and ECR travel grant by the Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles in 2020. She is the current secretary of La Trobe institute for Molecular Science postdoctoral society and ECR representative of Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles. Currently, her research focuses on exosome biogenesis and role of extracellular vesicles in transfer of chemoresistance to recipient cells.
Dr Christina NedevChristina's research career stems from that of an infection and immunity background. Her PhD and first post-doctoral studies at La Trobe University (LIMS) focused on identifying apoptotic factors involved in immune cell death during sepsis. She identified a crucial receptor responsible for signalling cell death of innate immune cells during the early phase of sepsis leading to host immune suppression and ultimately death in severe cases. This research has been published in Nature Immunology, 2020. In more recent times, she has shifted focus of research which currently entails using exosomes for cancer therapy.
Dr Ishara AtukoralaIshara Atukorala is an early career researcher at the La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science. Ishara completed her PhD in 2019 at La Trobe University where she explored the role of cadherins in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis and developed an antibody to block the active binding cites of them. She has been working on extracellular vesicles with specific focus on biogenesis and secretion. Dr Atukorala is exploring novel protein candidates and biological pathways involved in biogenesis of extracellular vesicles. Her research further extends to understand the role of cadherins in extracellular vesicle mediated metastasis of colorectal cancer.

Inhalt
Table of Contents New Frontiers: Extracellular Vesicles

Preface 

Pamali Fonseka, Ishara Atukorala, Christina Nedeva, Suresh Mathivanan
P.Fonseka@latrobe.edu.au    

Subtypes, Biogenesis, and Secretion of Extracellular Vesicles

1. Introduction to the community of extracellular vesicles
Pamali Fonsekaa,*, Akbar L Marzana and Suresh Mathivanana
P.Fonseka@latrobe.edu.au

2. Biogenesis of extracellular vesicles
Taeyoung Kang, Ishara Atukorala and Suresh Mathivanan*
S.Mathivanan@latrobe.edu.au 

3. The role of post-translational modifications in targeting protein cargo to extracellular vesicles
Ishara Atukorala* and Suresh Mathivanan
I.Atukorala@latrobe.edu.au

4. Apoptotic bodies: Mechanism of formation, isolation and functional relevance
Jascinta P. Santavanond, Stephanie F. Rutter, Georgia K. Atkin-Smith and Ivan K. H. Poon
atkinsmith.g@wehi.edu.au , i.poon@latrobe.edu.au

5. Exomeres: A new member of extracellular vesicles family
Sushma Anand, Monisha Samuel and Suresh Mathivanan*
S.Mathivanan@latrobe.edu.au

Functional Role and Clinical Implications of Extracellular Vesicles

6. Bacterial membrane vesicles mediate pathogenesis in the human host
William J. Gilmore, Natalie Bitto & Maria Kaparakis-Liaskos*
m.liaskos@latrobe.edu.au

7. Fungal Extracellular Vesicles in Pathophysiology
Donovan Garcia-Ceron, Mark R. Bleackley , Marilyn A. Anderson (corresponding author)
m.anderson@latrobe.edu.au

8. Socially distanced intercellular communication: mechanisms for extracellular vesicle cargo delivery
Stephanie J. Popa and Sarah E. Stewart*
Sarah Stewart (ss2340@cam.ac.uk)

9. EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES IN CHEMORESISTANCE
Gabriele De Rubis and Mary Bebawy*
mary.bebawy@uts.edu.au

10. Extracellular vesicle mediated vascular pathology in glioblastoma
Cristiana Spinelli, Nadim Tawil, Lata Adnani, Janusz Rak* & Dogsic Choi*
choi.dongsic@mail.mcgill.ca; janusz.rak@mcgill.ca

11. Extracellular vesicles regulate cancer metastasis
Sanjay Shahi, Cassandra Cianciarulo, Christina Nedeva* and Suresh Mathivanan*
S.Mathivanan@latrobe.edu.au

12. EXTRACELLULAR VESICLE-MEDIATED BONE REMODELING AND BONE METASTASIS: IMPLICATIONS IN PROSTATE CANCER
Kalyani C. Patil1, Carolina Soekmadji*
Carolina.Soekmadji@qimrberghofer.edu.au

13. Extracellular vesicles contain putative cancer biomarkers
Sai V. Chitti* and Christina Nedeva
S.Chitti@latrobe.edu.au

14. Engineering extracellular vesicles for cancer therapy
Christina Nedevaa,* and Suresh Mathivanana
C.Nedev@latrobe.edu.au

15. Extracellular vesicles in metabolism and metabolic diseases
Akbar L Marzan, Christina Nedeva* and Suresh Mathivanan*
S.Mathivanan@latrobe.edu.au

16. Extracellular vesicles in neurological disorders
Alex Mazurskyy and Jason Howitt*

17. Emerging Roles of Extracellular Vesicles derived Non-Coding RNAs in the Cardiovascular System
Ramasamy Subbiah, Divya Sridharan, Karthika Duairaj, K. Shanmugha Rajan, Mahmood Khan, Venkata Naga Srikanth Garikipati
venkata.garikipati@osumc.edu **…